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i³k~b¨Zvi KviY I cÖwZKvi

kix‡ii wecvKxq c×wZ cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î Avqib (†jvnv) bvgK ivmvqwbK c`v_©wU we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| kixi my¯’ ivLvi Rb¨ kixi-Gi wbqwš¿Z gvÎvq Dcw¯’wZ AZ¨š— Ri“wi| wbw`©ó gvÎvi †P‡q kix‡i Avqi‡bi cwigvY Kg ev †ewk n‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi kvixwiK mgm¨v cÖKU n‡q DV‡Z †`Lv hvq| k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡mi mgq M„nxZ Aw·‡Rb kix‡ii Rb¨ kw³ Drcv`‡bi Kv‡R e¨enƒZ nq| kix‡i we`¨gvb Avqi‡bi †ewkifvMB _v‡K wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi g‡a¨| wn‡gv‡M­vweb n‡”Q †jvwnZ KwYKv bvgK i‡³i Dcv`vbwUi ga¨¯’ Avqibmg„× GK ai‡bi Avwgl hv cÖavbZ dzmdzm †_‡K Aw·‡Rb i‡³i mvnv‡h¨ enb K‡i kix‡ii wewfbœ A½cÖZ¨‡½ †cuŠ‡Q †`q| wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi Kvh©ÿgZv eûjvs‡k Avqi‡bi Ici wbf©ikxj| kw³ Drcv`b QvovI wWGbG we‡k­lY, gw¯—‡®‹i e„w× Ges †ivM-cÖwZ‡ivaK ÿgZv e„w×i †ÿ‡ÎI Avqib ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| Dciš‘ Avqib †Kvjv‡Rb, †m‡iv‡Uvwbb, †Wvcvwgb Ges †bv‡iBcvBbd«vBb we‡k­l‡Yi m‡½ hy³ †_‡K G¸‡jv‡K kix‡ii cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †kvwlZ nIqvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zv‡j| ZvB kix‡i Avqib Z_v wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi Ach©vßZv †`Lv w`‡j `xN©‡gqvw` i³k~b¨Zvmn wewfbœ ai‡bi cywóRwbZ mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Aci w`‡K kix‡i cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq Gi cwigvY †ewk n‡j wm‡ivwmm, nƒrwc‡Êi mgm¨v †hgb; K‡ivbvwi nvU© wWwRR ev Kb‡RmwUf nvU© †dBwjDiRwbZ mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e i‡³ Avqi‡bi cwigvY †ewki cwie‡Z© Kg nIqvRwbZ mgm¨vB †ewk cÖKU AvKvi aviY Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| we‡k¦i cÖvq 25% gvbyl Avqib ¯^íZvRwbZ mgm¨vq Avµvš—| Avi cyi“l‡`i Zzjbvq gwnjv I wkïiv G mgm¨vq †ewk Avµvš— n‡q _v‡K| cyi“l Ges gwnjv‡`i kix‡i wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi ¯^vfvweK gvÎviI ZviZg¨ n‡Z †`Lv hvq| cyi“‡li †ÿ‡Î ¯^vfvweK gvÎv 13.5 MÖvg/100wgwjwjUvi Ges gwnjv‡`i †ÿ‡Î 12 MÖvg/100 wgwjwjUvi aiv n‡q _v‡K|
`ywU Kvi‡Y kix‡i i³k~b¨Zv (Gwbwgqv) †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, i‡³ †jvwnZ KwYKv ev wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi Drcv`b n«vm †c‡j A_ev †Kvb Kvi‡Y G¸‡jv A¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z †f‡O †h‡Z _vK‡j ev ÿ‡qi cwigvY e„w× †c‡j| A‡¯¿vcPvi, kix‡ii Af¨š—‡ii †Kvb A‡½ i³ÿiY, wUDgvi ev cwjc †_‡K i³ÿiY, Avjmvi ev g~Îbvjx‡Z cÖ`v‡ni Kvi‡Y gj ev g~‡Îi m‡½ `xN©w`b a‡i i³ÿiY BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y kix‡i Avqi‡bi Afve †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| gvwm‡Ki mgq A_ev cÖm‡ei mgq AwZwi³ i³cvZ gwnjv‡`i †ÿ‡Î Avqib NvUwZi GKwU eo KviY| `xN©w`b a‡i Kg Avqibhy³ Lv`¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z _vK‡j kixi my¯’ I ¯^v¯’¨evb †jvwnZ KwYKv Drcv`b Kivi g‡Zv ch©vß Avqib bv †c‡j kixi Av‡¯— Av‡¯— i³k~b¨ZvRwbZ †iv‡M Avµvš— n‡q c‡o| A‡bK mgq A‡š¿i wewfbœ mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y Avqibmg„× Lv`¨ MÖnY Kiv m‡Ë¡I kixi mwVK gvÎvq Avqib †kvlY Ki‡Z e¨_© nq Ges †m †ÿ‡ÎI Avqib NvUwZ †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
i‡³ wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi gvÎv AZ¨waK K‡g †M‡j kix‡ii wewfbœ A‡½ mwVK gvÎvq Aw·‡Rbmg„× i³ †cuŠ‡Q w`‡Z nƒrwcʇK AwaK kw³ LiP Ki‡Z nq hvi d‡j AwbqwgZ nƒ`¯ú›`b, nƒ`¯ú›`b e„w× cvIqv GgbwK nƒ`hš¿ AKvh©KiI n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| Mf©ve¯’vq Avqi‡bi Afve wkï g„Zz¨i Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY wn‡m‡e wPwýZ| A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB AcwicK¡ I Kg IR‡bi ev”Pv Rš§v‡bvi cÖavb KviY cÖmeKvjxb Avqib NvUwZ|
g„`y †_‡K gvSvwi ai‡bi i³k~b¨Zvi †ÿ‡Î i³k~b¨ZvRwbZ jÿY¸‡jvi ZxeªZv Kg _v‡K wKš‘ Avqi‡bi gvÎv µgvMZ n«vm †c‡Z _vK‡j Zv gvivÍKiƒc aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i| bL f½yi n‡q IVv, nvZ-cv VvÊv n‡q _vKv, A‡íB K¬vš— n‡q cov, gv_ve¨_v ev gv_v nvév‡eva nIqv, Z›`Öv”QbœZv, Aí‡Z †i‡M hvIqv, wRnŸvq ÿZ †`Lv †`qv, k¦vmKó, ey‡K e¨_v, LvIqvi i“wP bó n‡q hvIqv, Z¡K d¨vKv‡k n‡q hvIqv, cv‡qi gvsm‡cwk‡Z GK ai‡bi Aw¯’iZv Abyfe Kiv BZ¨vw` GB †iv‡Mi jÿY| wkï‡`i †ÿ‡Î e„w×RwbZ mgm¨v QvovI wewfbœ ai‡bi RwUjZv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| wKQy wKQy †ÿ‡Î AcywóKi Lv`¨, eid BZ¨vw` GgbwK †bvsiv LvIqvi cÖeYZvI (wcKv) †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
wewfbœ ai‡bi cixÿvi gva¨‡g i‡³ †jvwnZ KwYKv ev wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi gvÎv wbY©q Kiv hvq| ÔKgwcøU e­vW KvD›UÕ Øviv kix‡ii wn‡gv‡M­vwe‡bi gvÎv wbY©q, i³k~b¨Zvi Kvi‡Y i‡³i †jvwnZ KwYKv AvK…wZ‡Z wKQyUv †QvU n‡q hvq I d¨vKv‡k eY© aviY K‡i hv Ô†cwi‡divj e­vW †¯§qviÕ †U‡÷i gva¨‡g gvB‡µv‡¯‹v‡ci mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv hvq| Ô†iwUwKD‡jvmvBU KvD›UÕ Øviv AcwicK¡ †jvwnZ KwYKvi msL¨v wbY©‡qi gva¨‡g i³k~b¨Zvi cÖv_wgK Ae¯’v‡Z wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e nq| Ô†mivg †dwiUbÕ kix‡i Avqi‡bi m¤ú~Y© gvÎv Ges Ô†mivg Avqib ØvivÕ i‡³ Avqi‡bi gvÎv wbY©q Kiv nq|
Lv`¨ ZvwjKvq Avqibhy³ Lv‡`¨i cwigvY e„w× i³k~b¨Zv Kwg‡q Avb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Lv‡`¨i m‡½ hy³ Avqib‡K `ywU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvqÑ †ng Ges bb‡ng| cÖvwYR †KvlKjvq †ng Avqib Avi Dw™¢R †KvlKjvq _v‡K bb‡ng Avqib| Avgiv †h Lv`¨ MÖnY Kwi †m¸‡jv †_‡K mvaviYZ 1-10% Dw™¢R Avqib Ges 10-20% cÖvwYR Avqib †kvwlZ n‡q _v‡K| Dw™¢R Avqi‡bi Zzjbvq kixi cÖvwYR Avqib mn‡R †kvlY K‡i| Lv`¨ ZvwjKvq gvs‡mi Dcw¯’wZ I cwigv‡Yi Ici i³k~b¨Zvi nvi A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i K‡i| G Kvi‡Y wbivwglvkx‡`i g‡a¨ i³k~b¨Zvi cÖv`yf©ve †ewk| cÿvš—‡i DËi Av‡gwiKv I KvbvWvevmx †ewk gvsm Lvq e‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ i³k~b¨ZvRwbZ mgm¨v Lye Kg|
Avqi‡bi me‡P‡q eo Drm n‡”Q Mi“i gvsm Ges KwjRv| gyiwM, UvwK©, wewfbœ ai‡bi gv‡QI cÖPzi Avqib _v‡K| Dw™¢R †h me Lv‡`¨i g‡a¨ †ewk cwigv‡Y Avqib we`¨gvb _v‡K †m¸‡jv n‡”Q : wewfbœ ai‡bi Wvj, mqvweb, Udz, Avqib mg„× i“wU, †mwiqvj, wkgRvZxq Dw™¢` †hgb : eiewU, wmg BZ¨vw`|
†h‡nZz kix‡i mwVK gvÎvq Avqib †kvl‡Yi †ÿ‡Î wfUvwgb-wm Ges Auvkhy³ Lv`¨ h‡_ó ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i ZvB Lv`¨ ZvwjKvq _vK‡Z n‡e wfUvwgb-wm mg„× Ges Auvkhy³ Lv`¨| cÖPzi kvKmewR Ges djg~j we‡kl K‡i mvBUªvm GwmWmg„× djg~j †hgb; U‡g‡Uv, Kgjv, Av½yi, †cqviv, †jey, AvgjKx BZ¨vw` †h me d‡j cÖPzi wfUvwgb-wm _v‡K †m¸‡jv MÖn‡Y m‡Pó n‡Z n‡e| Mf©ve¯’vq gwnjv‡`i kix‡i Avqi‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv _v‡K mvaviY‡`i Zzjbvq wظY| 僇Yi kvixwiK I gvbwmK weKvk Ges cÖmeKvjxb i³cvZRwbZ Avqib NvUwZ †iva Kivi j‡ÿ¨ ZvB G mgq AwaK cwigv‡Y Avqibmg„× Lv`¨ MÖnY AZ¨š— Ri“wi|
Z‡e GKevi Avµvš— n‡q co‡j ïay Avqibhy³ Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y mgm¨v KvwU‡q IVv m¤¢e nq bv eis G‡ÿ‡Î Ilya AvKv‡i Avqib MÖnY Kiv Ri“wi n‡q c‡o| †ewk gvÎvq Avµvš—‡`i †ÿ‡Î †divm mvj‡dU ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡j A‡bKUv `ª“Z Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv m¤¢e nq| †h‡nZz wfUvwgb wm Avqib †kvl‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i ZvB Avqib MÖn‡Yi mgq GKB m‡½ wfUvwgb wm MÖnY Kiv n‡j Zv AwaK djcÖm~ n‡q _v‡K| Avqib U¨ve‡jU Lvwj †c‡U MÖnY Kiv fv‡jv Z‡e cvK¯’jxi mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡j Ilya MÖn‡Yi Av‡M Aí wKQy †L‡q †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
hw`I A‡bK †ivMxB Ilya Avi¤¢ Kivi wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨B wKQzUv fv‡jv Abyfe K‡i Z‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨ AMÖMwZ jvf Ki‡Z Ges cybivq Amy¯’ n‡q bv covi j‡ÿ¨ Ges kix‡i Avqi‡bi gRyZ evov‡Z †ek mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB ˆah© a‡i wPwKrmv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| hw`I Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡gI Avqib †_ivwc Pvjv‡bv hvq Z‡e A‡bK we‡kl‡Ái g‡Z, hZUv m¤¢e Bb‡RKkb cÖ‡qvM †_‡K weiZ †_‡K gy‡L Ilya e¨envi KivUv DËg| Avi evB‡i †_‡K Ab¨ KviI i³ cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvUv ïay RwUj †ivMx Ges nƒ`‡iv‡M Avµvš—‡`i g‡a¨ mxgve× _vKv DwPZ|
Ilya AvKv‡i Avqib MÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î wKQz cvk¦©cÖwZwµqv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ g‡ji iO Kv‡jv n‡q hvIqv, cvK¯’jx‡Z A¯^w¯— ev R¡vjvfve Abyf‚Z nIqv, eyK R¡vjv, †KvôKvwVb¨ †`Lv †`qv BZ¨vw`| G me Amyweav †`Lv w`‡j Wv³v‡ii civgk© †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

†ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡a 10 Lv`¨

Avgiv hv-B LvB Zv hw` †kvwlZ n‡q kix‡ii ÿq c~iY, †ivM cÖwZ‡iva I e„w× mvab K‡i Z‡eB Zv‡K Lv`¨ e‡j| 10 ai‡bi Lv`¨ †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ hy× K‡i| †m wel‡q wb‡P ms‡ÿ‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj|
1. i“wU, gq`v, AvUv, Pv-cvwZi g‡a¨ ch©vß cwigv‡Y wfUvwgb we-6 ev cvBwiWw·b Av‡Q hv wKbv wcønv I _vBgvm MÖwš’i Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× K‡i Ges AM©vb `ywU †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ewk ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Ab¨vb¨ we-wfUvwg‡bi ¸i“Z¡I Av‡Q| dwjK GwmW UvUKv kvKmewR‡Z cvIqv hvq| wfUvwgb we-12, wjfvi, gvQ, wWg Ges QÎvK we‡kl km¨RvZxq Lv‡`¨i g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq|
2. K¨v‡ivU-MvRi, wfUvwgb-G, mg„× Lvevi hv wKbv jvjkvK, cyuBkvK, UvUKv kvKmewR‡Z cvIqv hvq| Avg, Kjv, †cu‡c, iwOb d‡jI wfUvwgb G †ewk Av‡Q| gjv, †Xjv, gvQ, gvsm, `ya, wWg †Zv Av‡QB| wfUvwgb G-†Z weUv K¨v‡ivwUb _v‡K hv Z¡K Ges wgDKvm †gg‡eª‡bi Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× K‡i, †ivM cÖwZ‡iva Z‡š¿i ZxeªZv e„w× K‡i| Gw›UewW †imc‡Û mvnvh¨ K‡i, ivZKvbv †ivM cÖwZ‡iva K‡i BZ¨vw`|
3. wN, `y», `y»RvZxq Lvev‡i cÖPzi cwigvY K¨vjwmqvg _v‡K| G Qvov kvKmewR, gvQ, Pxbvev`vg, Wv‡ji g‡a¨ ch©vß cwigv‡Y K¨vjwmqvg _v‡K hv g¨vM‡bwkqv‡gi m‡½ hy³ n‡q BgyDb Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× K‡i| GUv Pwe© Kgv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
4. P‡Kv‡jU, AvBmwµg, †Kv‡Kv, ¸uov K‡i ˆZwi gÊ, gvsm, wW‡gi Kzmyg, kxj gvQ, myMwÜ gkjv BZ¨vw` PgrKvifv‡e Avqi‡bi m‡½ hy³ nq| †k¦Z i³ KwYKvi mgZv iÿv K‡i, hv BgywbwU m„wó‡Z mnvqK f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|
5. mvgyw`ªK gvQ, mvgyw`ªK Lv`¨, gyiwM, wjfvi, wW‡gi Kzmyg, km¨RvZxq LveviÑ Bwjk gvQ, gv‡Qi †Zj BZ¨vw`i g‡a¨ †mwjwbqvg bvgK LwbR jeY _v‡K, hv †k¦Z KwYKvi I BgyDb GbRvB‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv e„w× K‡i| G †Z‡ji g‡a¨ d¨vwU GwmW _v‡K| Giv †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡a mnvqZv K‡i|
6. g¨vM‡bwkqvg UvUKv kvKmewR, Pxbvev`vg, mvgyw`ªK Lv`¨, km¨RvZxq Lvev‡i g¨vM‡bwkqvg _v‡K, G¸‡jv BgywbwUi Kvh©KvwiZv e„w× K‡i|
7. wfUvwgb-B : Dw™¢` RvZxq LveviÑ kvKmewR, djg~j, †flR †Z‡j cvIqv hvq| wkg, wk‡gi wewP, Pxbvev`vg BZ¨vw`| cÖvwYR Lv`¨ wW‡gi Kzmyg, gvQ, gvsm, `y‡a _v‡K| Giv †k¦Z i³ KwYKvi Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× K‡i|
8. AvgjKx, nixZKx, †cu‡c, ZigyR, euvavKwc, UKRvZxq †jey, Kgjv †jey, †cqviv BZ¨vw`| Giv †KwgK¨vj g¨v‡mbRvi bv¤^vi e„w× K‡i we‡kl K‡i B›Uvi‡dib, hv Bb‡dKk‡bi cÖ‡mm cÖwZ‡iv‡a gnv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|
9. wRsK : meyR kvKmewR, djg~j, wWg, gvsm, wmwiqvj, wPswo, mvgyw`ªK Lv‡`¨ wRsK cÖPzi cwigv‡Y i‡q‡QÑ hv wd« †iwW‡K‡ji Kvh©KvwiZv e„wׇZ mvnvh¨ K‡i| RÄvj †Kvl‡K (RxevYy aŸsm Kivi ci †h¸‡jvi g„Zz¨ N‡U) gy³ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| wRsK Avgv‡`i kix‡ii cywói Rb¨ GKwU AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb| wRsK kix‡ii wewfbœ GbRvB‡gi GKwU Ask Ges me wUmy‡ZB GwU Av‡Q|
10. Pv, km¨RvZxq Lv`¨ UvUKv kvKmewR-RvZxq Lv‡`¨ g¨vsMvwbR _v‡K, hv wKjvi Bgyby †m‡ji Kvh© e„wׇZ mnvqZv K‡i|


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AvgjKxi im I †k¦Z P›`‡bi ¸u‡ov GK m‡½ wb‡q Kcv‡j cÖ‡jc w`‡j gv_v aiv K‡g hvq|
w f…½iv‡Ri im I QvM‡ji `ya GK‡Î GKUz Mig K‡i Kcv‡j jvMv‡j gv_ve¨_v `~i nq|
w wZj †Zj Kcv‡j aviY Ki‡jI gv_ve¨_v `~i nq|
w je½, GjvP Ges KvRyev`vg mgcwigvY wb‡q †c÷ K‡i Kcv‡j w`‡j gv_ve¨_v `~i nq|
w cyw`bv †Zj w`‡q Kcv‡j gvwjk Ki‡j gv_ve¨_v `~i n‡e|
w Av`v I cv‡bi im 1 Pv PvgP cwigvY w`‡b 2 evi wbqwgZ †meb Ki‡j gv_ve¨_v `~i nq|
w wbqwgZ KvwjwRivi †Zj †meb Ki‡j gv_ve¨_v K‡g hvq|

wkï‡`i †ÿ‡Î mvaviYZ †ivUv fvBiv‡mi Avµg‡Y Wvqwiqv nq| eo‡`i †ÿ‡Î evB‡ii †Lvjv Lvevi †L‡j, `~wlZ cvwb cvb Ki‡j Wvqwiqv n‡q _v‡K| †ivUv fvBiv‡mi Kvi‡Y Wvqwiqv I e¨vK‡Uwiqvi Avµg‡Y K‡jiv nq|
Wvqwiqv cÖwZ‡iv‡a hv Ki‡eb
eo‡`i cvkvcvwk wkï‡`iI LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| bL †K‡U me mgq †QvU ivL‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i wkï‡`i †ÿ‡Î| Zviv evB‡i †Ljvayjv K‡i, N‡ii †QvU †QvU wRwbm nv‡Z wb‡q gy‡L †`q| ZvB me mgq nvZ cwi®‹vi ivLv DwPZ| wb‡R‡`iI Zv Ki‡Z n‡e| wkï‡`i `vwqZ¡I wb‡Z n‡e| Lvevi me mgq †X‡K ivLv DwPZ| cwi®‹vi ¯’v‡b Lvevi ivL‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j gvwQ ev Ab¨vb¨ †ivMevwnZ KxUcZ½ Lvev‡i em‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jvi gva¨‡g †ivM Qov‡Z cv‡i| †kŠPvMvi †_‡K Avmvi ci mvevb w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e nvZ ay‡Z n‡e| nv‡Zi Kv‡Q mvevb bv _vK‡j QvB w`‡q nvZ ay‡Z n‡e| ZLb †ewk cvwb w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e nvZ cwi®‹vi K‡i †bqv DwPZ| cÖwZwU evmvevwo‡Z LvIqvi m¨vjvBb I wRsK U¨ve‡jU me mgq ivLv DwPZ| wRsK U¨ve‡jU †L‡j A‡bK mgq wkï‡`i ewg nq| ZLb Zv LvIqv‡bv eÜ K‡i †`qv DwPZ| ewg eÜ n‡j 10 w`‡bi g‡a¨ Ily‡ai †Kvm© m¤úbœ Kiv DwPZ| Zv‡Z fwel¨‡Z Wvqwiqv nIqvi SzuwK Kg _v‡K|
Ilya-c_¨
Wvqwiqvi me‡P‡q eo Ilya LvIqvi m¨vjvBb| eo‡`i †ÿ‡Î Pv‡ji m¨vjvBb LvIqv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z kix‡i Lvev‡ii NvUwZ c~iY nq| Wvqwiqv n‡j †h‡nZz kix‡i jeY-cvwbi ¯^íZv nq, ZvB Zv c~iY KivB n‡e cÖavb jÿ¨| A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib, Wvqwiqv n‡j ¯^vfvweK Lvevi LvIqv hv‡e bv| e¨vcviUv wVK bq| †ivMxi me mgq ïay m¨vjvBb †L‡Z fv‡jv bv-I jvM‡Z cv‡i| ZvB †ivMxi i“wP I cQ›` Abyhvqx Lvevi †L‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Z‡e ¯^vfvweK Lvevi GKUz big K‡i LvIqv‡bv DwPZ| LvIqvi m¨vjvB‡bi cvkvcvwk Wv‡ei cvwb I †h †Kvb d‡ji im LvIqv‡bv hvq| Wvqwiqv n‡j wPwKrm‡Kiv A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK w`‡q _v‡Kb| Aí AvKv‡i Wvqwiqv n‡j A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK LvIqv DwPZ bq| G‡Z †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaÿgZv K‡g hvq| †ewk A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK †L‡j †Kvb †ivM n‡j Zv Avi KvR Ki‡e bv| Aek¨ Wvqwiqv †ewk n‡j Zv †hb Avi bv Qovq, †m Rb¨ A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|
AvwR‡_ªv gvBwmb 500 wgwjMÖv‡gi `y‡Uv K¨vcmyj Avav NÈv ci ci LvIqv‡bv hvq| Z‡e Lvwj †c‡U LvIqv‡bv DwPZ bq| ewg n‡Z cv‡i| ewgi m‡½ Ilya †ewi‡q †M‡j m‡½ m‡½ Av‡iKwU U¨ve‡jU LvIqv‡bv DwPZ| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î wm‡cÖvwmb †`qv nq| wZb w`b 12 NÈv ci ci GB Ilya LvIqv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e cvqLvbvi m‡½ i³ †M‡j `ª“Z wPwKrm‡Ki kiYvcbœ nIqv DwPZ|





GK eQ‡ii Kg eq‡mi wkï ˆ`wnK I gvbwmK cwic~Y© e„w×-weKv‡ki me fv‡jv Dcv`vb †Kej wbwnZ Av‡Q gvZ…`y‡»| `yB eQ‡iiI †ewk eqm ch©š— wkï ey‡Ki `y‡ai ¸Yv¸Y †c‡q _v‡K| Z‡e wkïi eqm Qq gvm c~Y© n‡j gv‡qi `y‡ai cvkvcvwk N‡i ˆZwi wgkÖ Lvevi †hgb wLPzwo ïi“ Kiv PvB|
GK eQ‡ii †k‡l wkïi ˆ`wnK cywói Pvwn`v I †eªB‡bi weKv‡ki Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© d¨vU †RvMv‡Z Mvfxi `ya cvb Kiv‡bv DËg| Zv‡K †Zj, Wvj, Pvj, kvKmewR, gvQ, gvsm, wWg I djg~j †L‡Z †`qvi m‡½ m‡½ cÖwZw`b 2-3 Kvc (480-720 wgwj) Mvfxi `ya cvb Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| 1-3 eQ‡i AwZe¨¯— PÂj †mvbvgwY G‡Z mylg cywó jvf Ki‡e|
Mi“i `y‡a A¨vjvwR© mgm¨v
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v Mi“i `y‡ai †cÖvwUb‡K hLb wkï †`‡ni BwgDb wm‡÷g Abvn~Z e‡j wPwýZ K‡i ZLb hy× †j‡M G cÖwZwµqv m~wPZ nq|
v †h me wkï ey‡Ki `y‡a wbf©ikxj _v‡K, dgy©jv LvIqv‡bv ev”Pvi †P‡q Gme wkï‡Z Mi“i `y‡ai A¨vjvwR© SzuwK Kg|
v Mvfxi `y‡a A¨vjvwR©‡K myMvi ev j¨vK‡UvR Amn¨Zvi m‡½ Zzjbv Kiv wVK bv| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ GUv †ewk eqmx ev”Pv I eq¯‹ gvby‡l †ewk †g‡j|
Mvfxi `y‡a A¨vjvwR©i jÿY
v Rxe‡bi cÖ_g K‡qK gvm DcmM© cÖKvk cvq| Mi“i `ya cv‡bi ci `ª“Z ewg, k¦v‡m kuvB kuvB kã, Z¡‡K jvj jvj PvKv, PzjKvwb, i³ cvqLvbv, Aí msL¨K †ÿ‡Î gvivÍK A¨vjvwR© cÖwZwµqvRwbZ kK wb‡qI nvwRi nq| Ab¨ dzW A¨vjvwR©i Zzjbvq Mvfxi `y‡ai A¨vjvwR©‡Z wkï eq‡m G gvivÍK cÖwZwµqv †ewk n‡q _v‡K|
v `ya cv‡b 7-10 w`b c‡i axij‡q †hme jÿY wb‡q Mvfxi `y‡ai A¨vjvwR© cvIqv hvq Zvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nj i³hy³ cvZjv cvqLvbv, †cU e¨_v, ewg I w¯‹b i¨vk| Z‡e Gfv‡e cÖKvk cvIqv A¨vjvwR© wbY©q Lye RwUj, †Kbbv Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡YI Gme DcmM© G eq‡mi wkï‡Z n‡Z cv‡i|
WvqvM‡bvwmm I wPwKrmv e¨e¯’vcbv
v wbwðZKi‡Y mywbw`©ó j¨ve †U÷ †bB|
v i³ I gj cixÿv Kiv hvq|
v Mi“i `y‡a A¨vjvwR©i KviY ey‡Ki `ya w`‡q cÖevwnZ n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs ¯—b¨`vbKvix Mvfxi `ya cvb †_‡K mZK© _vK‡eb|
cÖ‡qvR‡b wkïi Rb¨ nvB‡cv A¨vjvwR©K dgy©jv LvIqv‡bv| †hgbÑ AwZ nvB‡WªvjvBRW ev Gwg‡bv GwmW †eBmW dgy©jv| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e wkïi cÖwZ ûgwK¯^iƒc eû Awbivc` dgy©jv evRvi `Lj K‡i Av‡Q|