Exlusive note on Changing the form of speech for SSC Exam

Changing the form of speech
(Narration বা উক্তি পরিবর্তন)
Assertive Sentence-এর উক্তি পরিবর্তন:
Rule-1: Indirect Speech-এর পূর্বে একটি Linker বা সংযোজক ‘that’ ব্যবহার করতে হয়। যেমন—
Direct: He says, “I am well.”
Indirect: He says that he is well.
Note: Dialogue বা সংলাপের ক্ষেত্রে প্রায়ই Linkder (that) থাকে না।
Rule-2: Sense বা অর্থ অনুযায়ী Pronoun বা সর্বনামের পরিবর্তন করতে হয়। যেমন—
Direct: He says, “I am busy.”
Indirect: He says that he is busy. (এখানে ‘I’ Pronoun-টি পরিবর্তিত হয়ে he হয়েছে)
Rule-3: Reported Speech-এর কর্তা যদি Second Person (You) থাকে, তবে তা Reporting Verb-এর Object অনুযায়ী রূপান্তরিত হবে। যেমন—
Direct: Father says to his son, “You are going to buy a shirt”.
Indirect: Father says to his son that he is going to buy a shirt.
Rule-4: Reported Speech-এর কর্তা যদি Third Person (He, She, It, They ইত্যাদি) থাকে, তাহলে এর কোনো পরিবর্তন হয় না। যেমন—
Direct: You say, “He is a good boy”.
Indirect: You say that he is a good boy.
Rule-5: Reporting Verb Past Tense-এ থাকলে নিম্নলিখিত পরিবর্তনগুলো আনতে হয়। যেমন—
N. B.: এ নিয়মটি Changing the forms of speech-এর সর্বত্র প্রযোজ্য হবে।
Direct: He said, “I eat rice.”
Indirect: He said that he ate rice. (eat পরিবর্তিত হয়ে ate হয়েছে)
Direct: He said, “I ate rice.”
Indirect: He said that he had eaten rice. (ate পরিবর্তিত হয়ে had eaten হয়েছে)
Direct: He said, “I was eating rice.”
Indirect: He said that he had been eating rice. (was eating পরিবর্তিত হয়ে had been eating হয়েছে)
Direct: He said, “I have eaten rice.”
Indirect: He said that he had eaten rice. (have eaten পরিবর্তিত হয়ে had eaten হয়েছে)
Direct: He said, “I am writing a letter.”
Indirect: He said that he was writing a letter. (am writing পরিবর্তিত হয়ে was writing হয়েছে)।
Rule-6:
যদি Reporting Verb-টি Present বা Future Tense-এ থাকে, তাহলে Direct Speech-কে Indirect করার সময় Verb-এর কোনো Tense পরিবর্তন হয় না। যেমন—
Direct: He says, “I am writing a letter.”
Indirect: He says that he is writing a letter.
Direct: He will say, “I am busy.”
Indirect: He will say that he is busy.
Rule-7:
বক্তব্যটি দ্বারা যদি অভ্যাসগত সত্য বা চিরসত্য বোঝায়, তাহলে Tense-এর কোনো পরিবর্তন হয় না। যেমন—
অভ্যাসগত সত্য
Direct: Jony said, “I walk for an hour every morning.”
Indirect: Jony said that he walks for an hour every morning.
চিরন্তন সত্য
Direct: The teacher said, “The sun sets in the west.”
Indirect: The teacher said that the sun sets in the west.
Direct: Father said to me, “The sun rises in the east.”
Indirect: Father told me that the sun reises in the east.
Direct: The teacher said to me, “The earth is round.”
Indirect: The teacher told me that the earth is round.
Direct: He said, “The sun gives us light.”
Indirect: He said that the sun gives us light.