Rules of passage Narration for SSC/HSC Examination

Rules of passage Narration for SSC Examination

Direct speech  Gi GKwU  passage Narration –G  Assertive, Interrogative, Exclamatory, Imperative I Optative – GB cuvP Sentence B _vK‡Z cv‡i| GB sentence - ¸‡jvi  Indirect Narration Kivi †h wbqg, Passage Narration Kivi wbqg I ZvB| ïay KZK¸‡jv Linking words (ms‡hvM Kvix kã) Passage Narration Gi †ÿ‡Î e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| wb‡gœ KZK¸‡jv wbqg †`qv njt.

01.Reporting verb Ges Zvi subject ev object bv _vK‡j-

    (a)subject wnmv‡e The Speaker.

   (b)Object wnmv‡e The person Spoken to

   (c) Reporting verb wnmv‡e Reported Speech Abymv‡i- tell, ask, request, order, command, propose, wish, pray,  bid, thank BZ¨vw` Avb‡Z n‡e| †hgb- 

Direct: ‘Do it”

Indirect: The  speaker told the person spoken to do it.

02 Reporting verb Uv gv‡S ev †k‡l _vK‡jt

Indirect Kivi mgq Zv‡K sentence Gi ïiæ‡Z wb‡q Avm‡Z nq| †hgb-

Direct: “you look a little bit like my mother” Jerry said to the authoress, specially in the dark by the fire”

Indirect: “Jerry told the authoress that she looked a little bit like his mother specially in the dark by the fire.

03. ‡Kvb e³vi cici GKvw`K Dw³ _vK‡jt

(a) wØZxq Dw³i †ÿ‡Î added

(b) Z„Zxq Dw³i †ÿ‡Î  further added

(c)  PZz_© Dw³i †ÿ‡Î also said

(d)  cÂg Dw³i †ÿ‡Î again said

 wKš‘ 2wU Interrogative cici _vK‡j wØZxqwUi †ÿ‡Î   again/also asked nq|

Direct: He said, “I can chop some wood today. I shall come again tomorrow”

Indirect: He said that he could chop some wood that day. He added that he would come again the next day.

Direct: He said, “What is your name? Where do you live?”

Indirect:  He asked  What my name was. He also asked Where I lived.

04. Reported speech-G  “yes/no” _vK‡jt

Indirect G  Replied in the affirmative/negative + yes/no Gi ci AviI wKQz _vK‡j-

(a) Replied in the affirmative /negative that+ evKx Ask/

                                                          and told  that +evKx Ask

(b) Subject + c~‡e©i cÖkœ ev‡K¨i mv‡_ m½wZc~b© auxiliary verb em‡e| †hgb-

   Direct: Shima said to Sabina, “Are you going to Chittagong tomorrow?” “yes”

               said Sabina

  Indirect: Shima asked Sabina if she was going to Chittagong the next day.

                 Sabina replied in the affirmative.

05. Direct speech-G   sir _vK‡j: sir Gi cwie‡Z© respectfully e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|

     Direct: “yes, Sir” She replied, “I have done my duty”

    Indirect : She replied respectfully in the affirmative that she had done her duty.

06. Direct speech-G KvD‡K †Kvb wKQz e‡j  address Kiv n‡jt

      Indirect-G  Reporting verb Gi KZ©vi c~‡e© addressing (N/P) as-

      friend/brother/sister emv‡Z  nq| †hgb-

      Direct: “Are you hungry, friend?” said the shrewd king.

     Indirect: Addressing them ad friends, the shrewd king asked if they were hungry.

07. Direct speech –G  by Allah/God/Jove/My life _vK‡jt

     Indirect:  Gi ïiæ‡Z swearing by Allah/ God/Jove/My life e‡m| †hgb-

     Direct: By Allah “be replied” I will not leave this house”

    Indirect : Swearing by Allah by replied that he would not leave that house.

08. Inverted comma Gi evB‡I †Kvb  phrase ev clause _vK‡jt

         Direct G Zv AcwiewZ©Z Ae¯’vq ïiæ‡ZB e‡m| †hgb-

 Direct :”Are you brothers?” said the mistress of the house, turning to the dervishes.

Indirect: Turning to the dervishes the mistress of the house asked if they were brothers.

09.Dircet speech-G  Assertive sentence Gi †k‡l cÖkœ‡evaK wPý _vK‡jt

    Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi c~‡e© being surprised wjL‡Z n‡e

    Reporting verb ‡K ask –G cwiewZ©Z Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb-

   Direct: She said to me , “ you have remembered how she looked all these years?

  Indirect: being surprised she asked me if I had remembered how she had looked all those years.

10. Direct speech G thank you _K‡j  Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi subject+

       thanked+ reporting verb object e‡m| †hgb-

   Direct : He said to me “Thank you”

   Indirect: He thanked me.

11. Direct speech G “Good bye” _vK‡j indirect  Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi

      subject+ bade+ object+ good bye e‡m|

       Direct: He said, “Good bye my friends”

       Indirect: He bade his friends good-bye.

12. Direct speech G Good Morning/ Good evening/Good night _vK‡j

      Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi subject+ wished+ good evening/ good

      night /good morning e‡m|

       Direct: I said to him, “Good morning”

      Indirect: I wished him good morning.

13. Direct speech G sentence Gi cÖ_‡g pronoun Ges c‡i  noun _vK‡jt

      Indirect G cÖ_‡g noun emv‡Z nq| †hgb-

     Direct: He said to me, “Believe, I Mr Rana, is quite innocent”

     Indirect: Mr Rana told me to believe that he was quite innocent.

14. Direct speech G Optative sentence G Reporting verb Gici object _vK‡j

      indirect G ïay pray  Gi †ÿ‡Î pray for nq| †hgb-

    Direct: Mother said to me ‘May Allah bless you”

    Indirect: Mother prayed for me that Allah might bless me.

15. Direct speech G Exclamatory sentence G  what Ges how _vK‡j Indirect speech

       G h_vµ‡g Great, very e‡m| †hgb-

   Direct: He said to me, ”What a fool you are”

  Indirect: He exclaimed with sorrow that I was a great fool.

16.Direct speech G Reporting verb  past tense bv n‡q present/future n‡j indirect G

      wbKUeZx Ges `~ieZx© kã cwiewZ©Z nq bv| †hgb-

  Direct: He says, “I am ill now”

  Indirect: He says that he is ill now.

17.Direct G  never _K‡j indirect G not to e‡m| †hgb-

    Direct: He said to me, “Never tell a lie”

    Indirect: He advised me not to tell a lie.

18 .Direct G cÖ¯Ív‡ei c‡I object _vK‡j Indirect  G propose to e‡m

          Direct: He said to me “Let us go to the picnic “

          Indirect:He proposed to me that they should go to the picnic.

19.Direct speech G  we ×viv gvbeRvwZ eySv‡jt Indirect G Zv cwiewZ©Z nq bv| †hgb-

Direct: He said, “We shall all die”

Indirect: He said that we shall all die.

20.We ×viv  hw` e³v I hv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡I ejv nq GB `yBRb‡K eySv‡bv nq Z‡e G‡`I g‡a¨t

        (a) GKRb 1^st person n‡j we AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K

        (b) GKRb 2^nd person n‡j we  cwiewZ©Z n‡q  you nq|

        (c) GKRb 1^st person Ges 2^nd person bv _vK‡j us cwiewZ©Z n‡q they nq|