DEGREE
DEGREE A_©
Zzjbv| Bs‡iRx Grammar G mvaviYZ adjective
Ges adverb Gi Zzjb nq| Degree
wZb cÖKvit-
1.Positive Degree
2.Comparative Degree
3.Superlative Degree
1.Positive
Degree t hLb †Kvb
e¨w³ ev e¯‘icÖviw¤¢K Ae¯’v eY©bv Kiv nq, †mwU n‡”Q Positive Degree.
†hgbt-He is good.
They are intelligent.
2.Comparative
Degree t-hLb `yB
e¨w³, e¯‘ ev `yB c‡¶iwfZi Zzjbv eySvq ZLb
Comparative Degree
nq|
†hgbt-Shamim is better than Rahim.
They are wiser than us.
3.Superlative
Degree t- A‡b‡Ki
wfZi †Kvb we‡kl e¨w³, e¯‘ ev e¨w³eM© ev e¯‘ mgyn‡K me‡P‡q †QvU, me‡P‡q eo,
me‡P‡q DrK…ó ev me‡P‡q wbK…ó, me‡P‡q `vgx, me‡P‡q m¯—v Giƒc eySv‡Z Superlative Degree nq|
Positive ‡_‡K comparative
Rule-1:
ev‡K¨i cÖ_‡g No other\any other+noun _vK‡j Positive ‡K comparative wb‡æi MVb Abyhvqx n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt- cÖ_‡g g~j Sentence Gi †k‡li AsGi c‡ii noun\pronoun +verb +g~j ev‡K¨i
adjective Gi comparative form +than+ any other +g~j sentence Gi subject
D`vnibt
Positive :No other boy is as clever as he/Any
other boy is as clever as he.
Comparative:He is cleverer than any other boy.
Positive
:No boy is as tall as Ripon.
Comparative:Ripon is taller than any other boy.
Rule-2:
Affirmative ev‡K¨i
cÖ_‡gB hw`very few,any other/no
other bv †_‡K mivmwi †Kvb noun ev pronoun _v‡K, Z‡e wb‡æi MVb Abyhvqx comperative n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi †k‡li as Gi c‡ii noun/pronoun
+verb+ not+ adjective Gi comparative form+than+g~j
sentence Gi subject.
g‡b
evL‡Z n‡e, g~j ev‡K¨ not/no bv _vK‡j
cwieZ©‡bi mgq not/no emv‡Z n‡e| †hgbt-
Positive
:They are as brave as a lion.
Comparative:A lion is not braver than they.
Positive
:He can run as quickly as I.
Comparative:I can not run more quickly than he.
Rule-3:
Positive degree hy³ Affirmative sentence G auxiliary verb Qvov hw`
g~j verb
_v‡K Z‡e comparative
Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb Abymib Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi †k‡li as Gi c‡ii noun/pronoun+ tense Abymv‡i do not/
does not/ did not+g~j
verb Gi base form + adjective Gi comparative form +than +g~j sentence Gi.Subject. †hgbt-
Positive :A plane flies as fast as a rocket.
Comparative:A rocket does not fly faster than a plane.
Positive
:The forbidden book lasted as long as the other books.
Comparative:The other books did not last longer than
this forbidden book.
Positive ‡_‡K
comparative
Rule-4:Very few /A small
number of hy³Positive degree †_‡Kcomparative Kivi mgq than Gi civery
few Gi cwie‡Zthan the majority of /than most other© ewm‡q wb‡æi MVb Abyhvqx Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt- g~jsentence Gi †k‡li as Gi c‡ii noun /pronoun +verb+adjective Gi comparative form +than the majority
of /than most other +very few ev‡` Gi c‡ii Ask|
†hgbt-
Positive :Very few women are as beautiful as
she.
Comparative:She is more
beautiful than most other women.
Positive :I think very few people are as wise as
our principal.
Comparative:I think our principal
is wiser than most other people.
Rule-5: †k‡li as Gi c‡iclause
hy³ A_v©„r as Gi ci subject
+verb hy³negative wewkópositive †_‡Kcomparative Ki‡Z wb‡æi MVb
AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt- cÖ_‡g g~jsentence Gisubject +verb +negative kã ev` hv‡e Gesless n‡e+adjective AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡ethan+†k‡lias ev‡` Gi c‡ii clause ev †k‡li asGi c‡ii.subject+verb.
†hgbt
Positive :She is not so young as I expected.
Comparative:She was less
young than I expected.
Positive :Shima does not work as much as she
said.
Comparative:Shima works less
than she said.
Rule-6:As +clause A_vras †icisubject
+verb hy³affirmative sentence Gi positive
†_‡Kcomparative Kivi mgq wbæi MVb
Abymib Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt- g~jsentence Gisubject +verb +not +adjective
Gi comparative +than +†klias ev‡` Gi c‡iiclause.
‡hgbt-
Positive :Birds do not fly as/so fast as a
plane.
Comparative:A plane flies
faster than birds.
Positive :She was not talkative as people said.
Comparative:She was not more
talkative than people said.
Comparative Gi MVbt No sooner +had +subject g~j+verb Gipast
participle +than evKx Ask|
†hgbt
Positive :As soon as he came,we stood up.
Comparative:No sooner had he
come than we stood up.
Positive :As soon as we reached the station, the
train left.
Comparative:No sooner had we
reached the station than the train left.
Rule-1:No
noun/no other hy³positive †_‡K Ki‡Z wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Superlative
Gi MVbt g~jsentence Gi †k‡li as Gi c‡iiNoun/Pronoun+verb+the
superlative +no
other ev‡` g~jsubject mn evKx Ask|
†hgbt-
Positive
:No other boy is as studious as Rafsan.
Superlative
:Rafsan is the most studious boy.
Positive
:No other boy is as notorious as he.
Superlative :He
is the most notorious boy.
Rule-2:
Very few hy³
Positive †_‡KSuperlative
Kivi mgq wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Superlative
Gi MVbt g~jsentence Gi †k‡lias Gi c‡iiNoun/Pronoun +one of the +g~jadjective GiSuperlative +very few ev‡` subject.
†hgbt-
Positive
:Very few people are so cautious as Mamun.
Superlative
:Mamun is one of the most cautious people.
Positive
:Very few countries are as beautiful as Bangladesh .
Superlative :Bangladesh
is one of the most beautiful countries.
Rule-3:Few
other hy³positive †_‡Ksuperlative Kivi mgq wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e&
Superlative
Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi †k‡lias Gi c‡iiNoun/pronoun
+verb+not only +the +adjective Gi superlative +few other ev‡`subject.
†hgbt-
Positive
:Few other dramatists are as great as Shakespear.
Superlative
:Shakespear is not only the greatest dramatist.
Positive
:Few other metals are as precious as Gold.
Superlative
:Gold is not only the most precious metal.
Rule-1:Than Gi ciany
other/all other
+noun hy³comparative †_‡Kpositive
Kivi mgq wb‡æi MV AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt No other +g~j sentence
Gi than Gi c‡ii noun/pronoun I cieZx© Ask hw` _v‡K +verb +as +adjective Gi positive +as+ g~j Sentence
subject.
†hgbt
Comparative
:He is better than any other boy.
Positive :No other boy is as good as he.
Comparative
:She is more intelligent than any other girl in the class.
Positive No other girl in the class is as
intelligent as she.
Rule-2:Than
Gici any other/most other bv †_‡K ïaygvÎ hy³ Gi †_‡K Kivi mgq wb‡æi MvbwU AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
PositiveGiMVbtg~jSentenceGithanev‡`thanGic‡iinoun/pronoun+verb+not+so/as+comparativeGipositive form
+as +g~j sentence Gi Subject .
†hgbt
Comparative :Babar was braver than a lion.
Positive A
lion was not so brave as Babor.
Comparative :He can run faster than Shemul.
Positive Shemul
can not run as fast as he.
g~j ev‡K¨ not _vK‡j cwiewZ©Z ev‡K¨ not n‡e bv Avi g~j ev‡K¨ not bv _vK‡j cwiewZ©Z ev‡K¨ verb Gi ci not n‡e| wKš‘ than‘ Gi ci ïaygvÎ noun/pronounhy³ negative sentence Gi comparative †_‡K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z Zn‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi than ev‡` Gi c‡ii Noun/pronoun
+verb+ Kgv(,)+at least +
Kgv(,) +not/negative
Ask ev` +as +comparative adjective Gi positive form +as+
sentence Gi subject .
†hgbt-
Comparative :A bird does not fly faster than a plane.
Positive A
plane flies,at least, at fast as a bird.
Comparative :He did not speak English more fluently
than I.
Positive I
spoke English, at least, as fluently as he.
Comparative ‡_‡K
Positive
Rule-3:
Than Gicimost
other /few other/the majority of +nounhy³comparative
Gi positive
Kivi mgh wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbtVery few +than the
majority of /than most other ev‡` Gi wVK c‡ii noun+ verb+as
+comparative Gi Positive +as +g~j adjective +as+ sentence Gi subject.
†hgbt-
Comparative :She is more beautiful than the majority
of women.
Positive Very
few women are as beautiful as she.
Comparative :Jerry is more courageous than most other
boys.
Positive Very
few boys are as courageous as Jerry.
Rule-4:
Not less than hy³comparative †_‡KPositive Kivi mgX wb‡æi MVbwU
AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt g~j Sentence Gi Than Gi c‡ii noun/pronoun +verb +Kgv (,)+at least Kgv(,) +as+ g~jsentence Gi.subject.
†hgbt-
Comparative :He is not less cautious than Karim.
Positive :Karim is, at least, as cautious as he.
wKš‘ No less than hy³
comparative
†_‡K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Gi
MVbt g~j sentence
Gi subject+verb +Kgv (,)+at least+
Kgv (,)+no
less than ev` wM‡q †mB¯’‡j as much n‡e+
adjective
+than ev‡` g~j sentence Gi cieZx© Ask|
†hgbt-
Comparative :I have got no less than five hundred
taka.
Positive I
have got,at least, as much as five hundred taka.
ZvQvov ïaygvÎ no
fewer than/not fewer than hy³ comparative †_‡K positive Kivi mgq Dc‡ii wbqgB cÖ‡hvR¨ Z‡e as much as Gi cwie‡Z as many as© n‡e| †m‡¶‡Î
wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt cÖ_‡g subject +verb +no fewer
than ev` wM‡q as many as +msL¨v evPK kãmn noun/pronoun
|
†hgbt-
Comparative :There are no fewer than fifty boys.
Positive There
are as many as fifty boys. Or As many as fifty boys are there.
Rule-5:
not, no e¨ZxZ
less hy³ comparative
†_‡K positive Kivi mgq Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb Abymib Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVb t g~j sentenceGi subject +verb
+not as +less ev‡` adjective +as +g~j ev‡K¨i †k‡li Noun/pronoun |
†hgbt-
Comparative :This land is less fertile than that.
Positive This
land is not as fertile as that.
Comparative ‡_‡K
Positive
Rule-6:Than
+clasue hy³ sentence
Gi subject
+verb+as +Comparative †_‡K positive Kivi mg‡q Not n‡e bv Ges wb‡æi MVbwU AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +verb+
as+ comparative adjective Gi Positive form +as +than ev‡` than Gi c‡ii clause ev than Gi c‡ii subject Ges verb. †hgbt
Comparative :The prices were not higher than she had
calculated.
Positive The
prices were as high as she had calculated.
Comparative :The work was not more difficult than you
said.
Positive The
work was as difficult as you said.
wKš‘ Than +clause hy³ affirmative †K comparative †_‡K positive
Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb
AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt- cÖ_‡g than Gi c‡ii subject +than Gi
c‡ii verb Gi negative
form +g~j subject Gi object n‡e +to
be +as +comparative adjective Gi positive +as +pronoun
+they/it +be verb.|
Comparative: The prices were higher than she had
calculated.
Positive She
had not anticipated the prices to be as high as they were.
Comparative: They were hungrier than I thought.
Positive I
did not think them to be as hungry as they were.
Comparative
‡_‡K superlative
mvaviYZt than any
other /than most other/than majority of hy³comparative sentence Gi superlative
nq|
Rule-1:
# Than any other hy³
comparative †_‡K superlativeKivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
superlative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +verb +the +adjective Gi superlative form+ than any other ev‡`
Gi c‡ii noun .†hgbt-
Comparative :She is more
intelligent than any other girl.
Superlative :She is the most
intelligent girl.
Comparative :Nipu is fairer than
any other girl.
Superlative :Nipu is the
fairest girl.
Rule-2:
# Than most other/Than the majority of hy³ comparative evK¨ †_‡K superlative Kivi mgq wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
superlative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +verb+ one of the+ adjective Gi superlative form +than most other +ev‡` G‡I c‡ii noun I c‡ii Ask|‡hgbt-
Comparative
:Tiger is more ferocious than most other animals.
Superlative
:Tiger is one of the most ferocious animals.
Comparative :Sher-E-Bangla
was better than most other politicians in Bangladesh .
Superlative :Sher-E-Bangla
was one of the best politicians in Bangladesh .
Superlative
‡_‡K comparative
Rule-1:
# ïaygvÎ The + superlative hy³ sentence
†K comparative Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymY Ki‡Z n‡e|
comparative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +(the ev‡` ) adjective Gi comparative degree +than any other +g~j sentence Gi †k‡li noun/pronoun evKx Ask| ‡hgbt
Superlative :Jerry
is the best boy.
Comparative
:Jerry is better than any other boy.
Superlative
:This is the most difficult work.
Comparative
:This is more difficult than any other work.
Rule-2:
#One of the + superlative hy³sentence
Gi comparative
Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +verb+
superlative adjective Gi
Comparative +than +most other /than the
majority of +g~j adjective Gi c‡ii noun.
†hgbt-
Superlative :He
is one of the most intelligent boys.
Comparative :He
is more intelligent than most other boys.
Superlative
:Dhaka is one of the biggest cities in Bangladesh .
Comparative
:Dhaka is bigger than most other cities in Bangladesh .
Rule-3:
#Not only hy³ superlative degree †K comparative
Ki‡Z wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt g~j sentence Gi subject +verb +not +comparative +than +few other +g~j sentence
Gi last noun.
†hgbt-
Superlative :Shakespear
is not only the greatest dramatist.
Comparative
:Shakespear is not greater than few other dramatists.
Superlative
:Nasim is not only the most brilliant boy.
Comparative
:Nasim is not more brilliant than few other boys.
Rule-4:
#Not one of the +superlative hy³sentence
Gi comparative
Ki‡Z wb‡æi MVb Abymib Ki‡Z n‡e|
Comparative Gi MVbt Few +g~j sentence Gi †k‡li noun ev pronoun+ verb +adjective Gi comparative +than + g~j sentence Gi subject . †hgbt-
Superlative :He
is not one of the best boys.
Comparative
:Few boys are better than he.
Superlative ‡_‡K positive
Rule-1:
#The +superlative hy³ sentence
†K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive MVbt No other +superlative
adjective Gi
c‡ii noun +verb + as+ the ev‡` Superlative
adjective
Gi positive form +as +g~j Sentence Gi subject I cieZx© Ask|
†hgbt-
Superlative :He
is the wisest man in the village.
Positive
:No other man is as wise as he in the village.
Superlative :We
are the most fortunate persons.
Positive
:No other person is as fortunate as we.
Rule-2:
#One of the +superlative adjective
hy³ evK¨‡K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt cÖ_‡g very
few / a small number of /a few/+ g~j sentence Gi †kl noun +verb+
as +adjective Gi positive form + as + sentence Gi subject
Superlative :Rani
is one of the fairest girls.
Positive
:A small number of girls are as fair as Rani.
Superlative :He
is one of the cleverest boys.
Positive
:Very few boys are as clever as he.
Rule-3:
#Not only hy³ superlative
sentence †K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt Few
other +†kl noun (plural) +verb+ as
+adjective Gi positive +as + g~j sentence Gi subject .
†hgbt-
Superlative :Shakespear
is not only the greatest dramatist.
Positive
:Few other dramatists are as great as Shakespear.
Rule-4:
# Not one of the +superlative †_‡K positive Kivi mgq wb‡æi
MVb AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Positive Gi MVbt g~jsentence Gi subject +verb +not as +
superlative adjective Gi positive form +as+few +g~j sentence Gi †k‡li noun |
†hgbt-
Superlative :He
is not one of the best boys.
Positive
:He is not as good as few boys.
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