Wednesday, May 9, 2012

Rules on Right forms of verbs


Right form of verbs
ইংরেজি দ্বিতীয় পত্রের অংশে clueসহ কিংবা clue ব্যতীত ৫টি শূন্যস্থান সংবলিত একটি passage দেওয়া থাকবে।
তোমাদের number, person, tense voice অনুসারে verb-এর সঠিক রূপ ব্যবহার করে passageটি সম্পূর্ণ করতে হবে। ধরনের শূন্যস্থান পূরণের জন্য তোমাদের verb-এর সঠিক ব্যবহার জানা অত্যাবশ্যক। আর জন্য verb, tense, number voice- পূর্ণ দক্ষতা অর্জনের কোনো বিকল্প নেই। ছাড়া পর্যাপ্ত পরিমাণে conjugation of verbs মুখস্থ করতে হবে। verb-এর সঠিক ব্যবহারের স্বার্থে verb অনুসারে অনেক নিয়ম উপস্থাপন করেছি, যাতে নিয়মগুলো তোমরা সহজেই আয়ত্ত করে নিতে পারো।
Rule-
:
Subject 3rd person singular number
হলে present indefinite tense- মূল verb-এর সঙ্গে s বা es যোগ হবে। অন্য person বা plural number হলে মূল verb-এর সঙ্গে s বা es সংযুক্ত হবে না।
Example
 rice.
¾a. Rina (eat) 
Ans. Rina eats rice.
 it.
¾b. She (change) 
Ans. She changes it.
 a song.
¾c. Mitu (sing) 
Ans. Mitu sings a song.
 of nine planets.
¾d. Our solar system (consist) 
Ans. Our solar system consists of nine planets.
water.
¾e. All animals (need)
Ans. All animals needs water.
Exercise for practice
a lot of books.
¾a. A student (buy)
on the stage.
¾b. The girl (dance) 
 to smoke.
¾c. He (dislike)
skilled manpower.
¾d. Bangladesh (need)
a new era for us.
¾e. 1971 (bring)
the fair.
¾f. A brave man (deserve)
his life.
¾g. An idle man (ruin)
after our family.
¾h. My mother (look)
a good hand.
¾i. He (write)
to be honest.
¾j. He (appear)
Rule-2:
Universal truth (
চিরন্তন সত্য), habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কর্ম), historical event (ঐতিহাসিক ঘটনা) বোঝালে present indefinite tense হবে। একে ‘Universal present tense’ বলে।
Example
in the East.
¾a. The sun (rise)
Ans. The sun rises in the East.
round the sun.
¾b. The earth (move)
Ans. The earth moves round the sun.
after night.
¾c. Day (come)
Ans. Day comes after night.
like a chain smoker.
¾d. The man (to smoke) 
Ans. The man smokes like a chain smoker.
Exercise for practice
 peace.
¾a. A piousman (get)
 sin.
¾b. Darkness (symbolize)
 on water.
¾c. Ice (float)
 at night.
¾d. The moon (appear)
 exercise regularly.
¾e. My father (to take)
Rule-3: বাক্যে ব্র্যাকেটের মধ্যে যদি Be verb থাকে, তবে Be verbটি Subject-এর Number, Person বাক্যের Tense অনুযায়ী am, is, are/was, were হয়। তবে বাক্যের Subject singular হলে বাক্যের verbটিও singular হবে, আর বাক্যের subjectটি plural হলে verbটিও plural হবে।
Example
 blessed.
¾a. The virtuous (b)
Ans. The virtuous are blessed.
 not always happy.
¾b. The rich (be)
Ans. The rich are not always happy.
 two people on the board. Ans. There were two people on the board.
¾c. There (be)
 a doctor but now he is no more. Ans. He was a doctor but now he is no more.
¾d. He (be)
life. Ans.: Water is life.
¾e. Water (be)
বি.দ্র.: subjectটি গাণিতিক সংখ্যা হলে (unit) subject-এর পরের verbটি singular হয়।
Example
a long distance.
¾Eighty miles (be)
Ans.: Eighty miles is a long distance.
Exercise for practice
 industrious.
¾a. Bees (be)
 a book on the table.
¾b. There (be)
 in the Heaven.
¾c. They (be)
 in pennies.
¾d. Sixty cents of it (be)
 a big tree in our village.
¾e. There (be)
Rule 4:
একটি simple sentence- দুটি main verb থাকলে পরেরটির সাথে ing যোগ হবে। কিছু নির্দিষ্ট verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত করতে হবে।
Example
 this
¾a. I heard him (to say)
Ans.: I heard him saying this.
 the book.
¾b. He has finished (to read)
Ans.: He has finished reading the book.
 up over the hill
¾c. I saw Jerry (go)
Ans.: I saw Jerry going up over the hill.
 so.
¾d. My teacher stopped me (say)
Ans.: My teacher stopped me saying so.
 past him.
¾e. The old sailor watched the people (walk)
Ans.: The old sailor watched the people walking past him.
Exercise for practice
 .
¾a. The girl came to me (dance)
 something
¾b. Jerry saw the authoress (write)
 me.
¾c. I heart my mother (call)
 .
¾d. The children came to me (run)
 round the ship.
¾e. The old sailor saw the water snake (swim)
Rule 5: Had better, had rather, would better. would rather, must, need, dare, secondary auxiliary
বা modal verb-এর পর নিয়ম অনুযায়ী মূল verb-এর present form হয় এবং verbটির আগে to থাকলে to উঠে যায়।
Example
 home.
¾a. You had better (to go)
Ans.: You had better go home.
 the class room.
¾b. I will not let you (to enter)
Ans.: I will not let you enter the class room.
 our parents.
¾c. We must (to obey)
Ans.: We must obey our parents.
 there.
¾d. I need not (to go)
Ans.: I need not go there.
 you speak with me?
¾e. How (to dare)
Ans.: How dare you speak with me?
Exercise for practice
 to night.
¾a. John would rather (to study)
 than beg.
¾b. I had rather (to die)
 the car.
¾c. The authors dare not (to drive)
arguing.
¾d. They had better (to stop)
 here.
¾e. Roberto would rather not (to be)
Rule 6: Just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently ইত্যাদি থাকলে present perfect tense হবে।
 out just now.
¾Example: a. He (go)
Ans.: He has gone out just now.
 the station.
¾b. The train just (reach)
Ans.: The train has just reached the station.
 to Dhaka?
¾c. You ever (be)
Ans.: Have you ever been to Dhaka?
d. Lately he (write) — a grammar book.
Ans. Lately he has written a grammar book.
e. He already (complete) — MA.
Ans. He has already completed MA.
Exercise for practice
a. We (buy) — a television set just now.
b. You ever (see) — a pier glass in an $ 8 flat?
c. Recently they (shift) — to a new flat.
d. Lately he (get) — married.
Rule-7:
অতীত নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase; যেমন: ago, long since, last, before, yesterday ইত্যাদি থাকলে verb-এর past indefinite tense হবে।
Example: a. He (leave) — home last night.
Ans. He left home last night.
b. A cyclone (break) — out last night.
Ans. A cyclone broke out last night.
c. Before Christ he (preach) — Islam.
Ans. Before Christ he preached Islam.
d. Ten years ago I (live) — in Paris.
Ans. Ten years ago I lived in Paris.
e. I (see) — you long since.
Ans. I saw you long since.
Exercise for practice
a. Tanin (write) — thesis many years ago.
b. I not (see) — him since last Monday.
c. He (buy) — a piece of land before one year.
Rule 8: As well as, with, accompanied with, along with, together with, in addition to
ইত্যাদি দ্বারা দুটি subject যুক্ত হলে প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে থাকে।
 dead.
¾Example: a. Becon as well as Shakespeare (be)
Ans. : Becon as well as Shakespeare was dead.
 a lest tomorrow.
¾b. My sister accompanied with Zilan will (to have)
Ans.: My sister accompanied with Zilan will have a lest tomorrow.
 present there.
¾c. I with my brother (be)
Ans. : I with my brother was present there.
 the poor.
¾d. They together with me (to help)
Ans.: They together with me help the poor.
 the race.
¾e. Honest in addition to hard working (to win)
Ans.: Honest in addition to hard working wins the race.
Exercise for practice
a. Della as well as Jim (to have) — morality.
b. I in addition to his support (work) — always.
c. She accompanied with her brother (go) — shopping everyday.
Rule-8: As well as, with, accompanied with, along with, together with, in addition to
ইত্যাদি দিয়ে দুটি subject যুক্ত হলে প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
Example: a. Becon as well as Shakespeare (be) — dead.
Ans. Becon as well as Shakespeare was dead.
b. My sister accompanied with Zilan will (to have) — a test tomorrow.
Ans. My sister accompanied with Zilan will have a test tomorrow.
c. In with my brother (be) — Present there.
d. They together with me (to help) — the poor.
Ans. They together with me help the poor.
e. Honesty in addition to hard working (to win) — the race.
Ans. Honesty in addition to hard working wins the race.
Exercise for practice
a. Della as well as Jim (to have) — morality.
b. I in addition to his support (work) — always
c. She accompanied with her brother (go) — shopping everyday. d. Mother together with father (deposit) — money for their child.
e. Nisat as well as her teacher (be) — going to Dhaka.
Rule-9: Before-
এর আগে past perfect tense এবং পরে past indefinit tense হবে। আর after-এর আগে past indefinit এবং পরে past perfect tense হবে।
Example:
a. The patient (die) — before the doctor came.
Ans. The patient had died before the doctor come.
b. The patient died after the doctor (come) —.
Ans. The patient died after the doctor had come.
c. They arrived here after you (leave) —.
Ans. They arrived here after you had left.
d. We reached home after it (start) — to raining.
Ans. We reached home after it had started to raining.
e. The bell rang after I (reach) — school.
Ans. The bell rang after I had reached school.
Exercise for practice
a. The students stood up after the teacher (enter) — the room.
b. The boy had reached the school before the bell (ring) —.
c. I went to Dhaka after I (hear) — the news.
d. He went to Cox’s Bazar after his mother (Permit) — him.
e. The patient had become well before the doctor (come) —.





1. She (write) a letter.
2. The baby (cry).
3. Usually father (walk) in the morning.
4. He (get) up early in the morning everyday.
5. Anwar sometimes (work) in his flower garden.
6. Have you ever (be) to Cox-Bazar?
7. I (receive) the letter just now.
8. He (join) there recently.
9. I (draw) a picture yesterday.
10. I (get) the parcel last month.
11. You (visit) there long before.
12. We (not go) there in future.
13. Neela (come) from Dhaka the day after tomorrow.
14. We (reach) our school before the bell rang.
15. The patient had died before the doctor (come).
16. They arrived the station after the train (leave).
17. The patient (die) after the doctor had come.
18. No sooner had the bell (ring) than the teacher (enter) the classroom.
19. Scarcely had he (arrive) at the bus stand when the bus (leave).
20. Hardly had the snatcher (take) the chain when he (run) away.
21. It is many years since he (give) up smoking.
22. Five years have passed since he (leave) the house.
23. Many years passed since I (meet) him last.
24. It was many years since I (visit) there.
25. This work was (do) by him.
26. The problem has been (solve) by him.
27. The school was (close) for sine die.
28. He saw the boy (play) in the field.
29. I heard him (speak).
30. He helps me (make) the house.
31. I went to the library (read) newspaper.
32. He repaired the boat (sell) it.
33. He can (do) it easily.
Answers:
1. She writes a letter.
2. The baby cries.
3. Usually father walks in the morning.
4. He gets up early in the morning everyday.
5. Anwar sometimes works in his flower garden.
6. Have you ever been to Cox-Bazar?
7. I have received the letter just now.
8. He has joined there recently.
9. 1 drew a picture yesterday.
10. I got the parcel last month.
11. You visited there long before.
12. We shall not go there in future.
13. Neela will come from Dhaka the day after tomorrow.
14. We had reached our school before the bell rang.
15. The patient had died before the doctor came.
16. They arrived the station after the train had left.
17. The patient died after the doctor had come.
18. No sooner had the bell rung than the teacher entered the classroom.
19 Scarcely had he arrived at the bus stand when the bus left.
20 Hardly had the snatcher taken the chain when he ran away.
21. It is many years since he gave up smoking.
22. Five years have passed since he left the house.
23. Many years passed since I had met him last.
24. It was many years since I had visited there.
25. This work was done by him.
26. The problem has been solved by him.
27. The school was closed for sine die.
28. He saw the boy playing in the field.
29. I heard him speaking.
30. He helps me making the house.
31. I went to the library to read newspaper.
32. He repaired the boat to sell it.
33. He can do it easily.
34. Everybody should (respect) his parents.
35. It may (rain) today.
36. I (go) to Dhaka tomorrow.
37. He (join) there the next day.
38. The taste of the mangoes (to be) sour.
39. The flowers of the garden (to be) beautiful.
40. These papers (to be) printed.
41. A community centre is going to be (establish).
42. I do not mind (have) a cup of coffee.
43. He went home (have) his salary.
44. It is time you (finish) a course on English language.
45. I wish I (sing).
46. It is time (play).
47. It is high time (stand) by the flood-affected people.
Answer :
34. Everybody should respect his parents.
35. It may rain today.
36. I shall go to Dhaka tomorrow.
37. He will join there the next day.
38 The taste of the mangoes is sour.
39. The flowers of the garden are beautiful.
40. These papers are printed.
41. A community centre is going to be established.
42. I do not mind having a cup of coffee.
43. He went home having his salary.
44. It is time you finished a course on English language.
45. I wish I sang.
46. It is time to play.
47. It is high time to stand by the flood-affected people.
48. He behaves as if he (be) a leader.
49. I wish I (be) a millionaire.
50. He behaves as if he (buy) the car.
51. He spoke as though he (do) a great task.
52. While (take) dinner, he received the phone.
53. While I (play) in the field, I saw him coming.
54. Read attentively lest you (fail) in the examination.
55. Walk fast lest you (be) late in your class.
56. Would that I (be) a bird!
57. Would that I (visit) Cox’s-Bazar.
58. Each boy (come) here.
59. One of them (to be) guilty.
60. Everybody (wish) to be happy.
Answer to the question
48. He behaves as if he were a leader.
49. I wish I were a millionaire.
50. He behaves as if he bought the car.
51. He spoke as though he had done a great task.
52. While taking dinner, he received the phone.
53. While I was playing in the field, I saw him coming.
54. Read attentively lest you should fail in the examination.
55. Walk fast lest you might be late in your class.
56. Would that I could be a bird!
57. Would that I could visit Cox’s-Bazar!
58. Each boy comes here.
59. One of them is guilty.
60. Everybody wishes to be happy.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Composition on Female Education in Bangladesh for Examination

  Female Education in Bangladesh Education is a light to which everybody has the equal right. Education is the backbone of a nation. The ...