Compeliting sentences-for SSC Exam

So that/ in order that (hv‡Z /†hb+D‡Ïk¨hy³evK¨vsk) NUbvejxi ga¨Kvi Kvh©KiY m¤úK© I djvdj cÖKv‡k                                    e¨eüZ nq| Complex sentence Gi cÖ_g clause-G Ggb GKwU welq _v‡K hv GKwU D‡Ï‡k¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q A_©vr cÖ_g NUbvwUi djvd‡j Ab¨ GKwU NUbv NU‡Z cv‡i, Ggb K‡i ev NUv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ G ai‡bi  †¶‡‡Î t-   wbqgt Subject+ verb+ Extension+ So that/in order that +subject +can/could/may/might          +verb (present)+ other words. wbqgt Present tense+ so that+ subject + can/may +Verb (present)+ evwK Ask.                                          1. The students studies diligently so that they can secure/get good marks.         (QvÎ-QvÎxiv covïbv g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ K‡i hv‡Z Zviv fvj b¤^i AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|) wbqgt Past tense+ so that+ Extension +subject+ could/might+ V(present) +evwK Ask.                                       2. The students studied diligently so that they could secure good marks.         (QvÎ-QvÎxiv covïbv g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ K‡iwQj hv‡Z Zviv fvj b¤^i AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|)

1. We take exercise so that we can keep   our body fit.      (Avgiv ˆ`wnK e¨vqvg Kwi hv‡Z Avgiv Avgv‡`i kixi‡K h‡_vchy³ ivL‡Z cvwi|) 3. We eat so that we may live. (Avgiv LvB hv‡Z Avgiv evPu‡Z cvwi|) 4. He worked hard so that he could pass.( ‡m GZ cwikªg K‡iwQj hv‡Z cvk Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj|) 5. He always flatters his boss so that he may get benefit.     (†m memgq Zvi em‡K †Zvlv‡gv` K‡i hv‡Z †m myweav †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i|) 6. He went to London so that he could achieve higher education.     (‡m jÛ‡b wM‡qwQj hv‡Z †m D”PZi wk¶v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|) 7. He opened a bank account so that he could easily deposit money.     (‡m e¨vs‡K GKvD›U Ly‡j wQj hv‡Z †m Zvi UvKv ¸‡jv msi¶Y Ki‡Z cviZ|)

1.     Man eats in order that they may live.(gvbyl Lvq hv‡Z †m †e‡Pu _vK‡Z cv‡i|) 2.     They come here in order that they could enjoy a movie.        ( Zviv GLv‡b G‡mwQj hv‡Z Zviv wPÎwU Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|)

Which/that (‡hwU--†mwU/†h¸‡jv---†m¸‡jv) Which  e¯Í, cªvbx, †`‡ki cwie‡Z© e‡m| GwU singular I plural Dfq ‡¶‡Î e¨eüZ nq|That e¯Í, cÖvYx e¨w³i cwie‡Z© e‡m, Z‡e †`‡ki cwie‡Z© e‡mbv|GwUI singular I plural Dfq‡¶‡Î  e¨eüZ nq|

1.     He is sure that he will pass in the examination.(‡m wbwðZ †h †m cix¶vq cvk Ki‡e|) 2.     That he is honest he is poor.( ‡m mr †m Mixe|) 3.     It is true that we are progressing day by day.(Bnv mZ¨ †h Avgiv w`b w`b DbœwZ jvf KiwQ|) 4.     He said that he had not gone to school the previous day.      (‡m ejj †h †m MZKvj we`¨vj‡q wM‡qwQj|) 5.     His silence proves that he is guilty.(Zvi wbieZv cÖgvb K‡i †h †m †`vlx|) 6.     I am sure that he will succeed.(Avwg wbwðZ †h †m mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e|) 7.     Mother told me that she would cook for me.(gv ejj †h †m Avgvi Rb¨ ivbœv K‡iwQj|)

Whose (hvi-Zvi, hv‡`i ---Zv‡`i):e¨w³/e¯Í/cÖvYx

1. This is the boy whose father is a teacher. (GB nq evjKwU hvi evev GKRb wk¶K|) 2. The man whose son is a doctor has come to see you.    (‡jvKwU hvi cyÎ Wv³vi †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z G‡m‡Q|)

So ----that (GZB †h)/ 1.     Sub+ verb+ so+ adjective/adverb +that + subject +can/could+(not)+verb (present       Form)+Extension (ewa©Z Ask). 2.     Sub+ verb+ so+ adjective/adverb +that + subject +shall/will+(not)+verb (present       form)+Extension(ewa©Z Ask). 3.     Sub+ verb+ so+ adjective/adverb +that + subject +do/does/did +(not)+verb (present form)+Extension (ewa©Z Ask). 4.     Sub+ verb+ so+ adjective/adverb +that + subject +verb (present form)+Extension (ewa©Z Ask).

1.     The old man is so weak that he can not walk. (e„× †jvKwU GZ `ye©j †h †m nvUu‡Z cv‡i bv|) 2.     He is so weak that he can’t walk. (†m GZ `ye©j †h nvUu‡Z cv‡i bv|) 3.     He is so dishonest that nobody trusts him. (†m GZ Amr †h †KD Zv‡K wek¦vm K‡i bv|) 4.     He was so foolish that he could not realize his friends.       (†m GZ †evKv wQj †h †m Zvi eÜz‡`i‡K Abyaveb/eyS‡Z cvijv bv|) 5.     Musa was so determined that he could easily success.       (gymv GZ msKíe× wQj †h †m mn‡RB mvdj¨ jvf K‡iwQj|) 6.     The dinner was so delicious that I could not check my temptation.       (LveviwU GZ my¯^v`y wQj †h Avwg Avwg Avgvi †jvf mseiY Ki‡Z cvijvg bv|) 7.     The load was so heavy that he could not carry it.       (‡evSvwU GZ fvix wQj †h †m GZ wb‡q †h‡Z cvij bv|)

hw` + eZ©gvb Kvj, +fwel¨rKvj                    wbqgt If+ Subject +verb (present)+Extension, Subject +shall/will +verb(present)          +Extension                     A_ev, fwel¨rKvj +hw` + eZ©gvb Kvj wbqgt Subject+ shall /will +verb (present)+Extension, If +Subject+ verb        (present)+Extension

1.     If you walk slowly you will miss the train. (hw` Zzwg ax‡i ax‡i nvUu Zzwg †UªbwU †c‡Z e¨_© n‡e|) 2.     If you help me I will give money. (hw` Zzwg Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki, Avwg †Zvgv‡K UvKv †`e|) 3.     If you do not waste your time you will pass in the examination.      (Zzwg hw` ‡Zvgvi mgq bó bv Ki, Zzwg cix¶vq cvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e|) 4.      You will  not be  punished if you study attentively.        (Zzwg kvw¯Í cv‡e bv hw` Zzwg g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ covïbv Ki|) 5.      If you write me I will answer to you.(Zzwg hw` Avgv‡K †jL, Avwg †Zvgv‡K DËi w`e|) 6.     If you invite me I will go there.(Zzwg hw` Avgv‡K Avgš¿Y RvbvI, Avwg †mLv‡b hve|) 7.     If you study more you will learn more.      (hw` Zzwg †ewk K‡i covïbv Ki,Zzwg †ewk K‡i Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|) 8.     If her uncle arrives, she will be happy.(hw` Zvi gvgv Av‡m †m Lywk n‡e|) 9.     Be truthful if you want to shine in life.(mZ¨evw` nI hw` Zzwg Rxe‡b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z PvI|)

Subject+ verb (past form)+Extension+  before +subject+ had+ verb(Past Participle)+Extension. Subject+ had +verb (past Participle) +Extension+ After+ Subject +Verb (Past)+Extension.

1.     He came home before he had completed the work.         (‡m evox G‡mwQj KvRwU †kl Kivi Av‡M|) 2.     He was given the job after he had applied for it.        (Zv‡K PvKzwi †`Iqv n‡qwQj GB c‡` Av‡e`b Kivi ci|)

It is high time/It is time         ‡Kvb KvR Kivi Dchy³ mgq BwZg‡a¨B AwZevwnZ n‡q‡Q,ZvB Avi †`wi bv K‡i GLbB KvRwU ïi“ Kiv         DwPZ-Giƒc †evSv‡Z It is high time/It is time nq Ges c‡i Subject I verb Gi past form            e‡m| It is high time/It is time+ subject +verb base form(Present form)+others+

It is high time we changed our decision.(BnvB Dchy³ mgq Avgv‡`i wmÏvšÍ cwieZ©b Kievi |)

wbqgt If+ Subject+ verb(Past form)+ Extension, Subject+ would/ could /might+ verb         (present ) +Extension Or , wbqgt Subject+ would/ could /might+ verb (present ) +Extension if+ Subject+          verb (Past form)+ Extension

1.     If I went there, I would met him.       (hw` Avwg †mLv‡b †h‡Z cviZvg Avwg Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z cviZvg|) 2.     If they wanted, I would go. (hw` Zviv PvBZ, Avwg †mLv‡b †hZvg|) 3.     If I found him, I would  tell him.(hw` Avwg Zv‡K †cZvg Avwg ‡Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ KiZvg|) 4.     If you told me the news I would come.(hw` Zzwg Avgv‡K msev`wU w`‡Z Avwg Avm‡Z cviZvg|) 5.     If I knew his phone number, I would call him.       (hw` Avwg Zvi †dvb b¤^i RvbZvg, Avwg Zv‡K †dvb Ki‡Z cviZvg|) 6.     If I were rich I would help the poor.       (hw` Avwg abx n‡Z cviZvg Avwg Zv‡K Mixe‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cviZvg|) 7.     If I were you, I would help the poor.(hw` Avwg Zzwg nZvg Avwg Mixe‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ KiZvg|) 8.     If I were a king, I would help the poor.(hw` Avwg ivRv nZvg, Avwg Mixe‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ KiZvg|)

wbqgt If+ Subject+ had+ verb(Past Participle)+ Extension, Subject+ would have/ could          have /might have + verb (past participle ) +Extension. Or, wbqgt Subject+ would have/ could have /might have+ verb (past participle ) +Extension        if+ Subject+ had+ verb(Past Participle)+ Extension.

1.     If I had seen you before, I would have helped you.      (hw` Avwg,†Zvgv‡K Av‡M †`L‡Z cviZvg,Avwg †Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cviZvg|) 2.     If I had got student visa, I would gone to Australia.      (hw` Avwg QvÎ wfmv †cZvg Avwg A‡óvwjqv †h‡Z cviZvg|) 3.     If I had met him before I would have gone.      (hw` Avwg Zvi Av‡M Av‡M mv¶vZ Ki‡Z cviZvg, Avwg †mLv‡b †h‡Z cviZvg|) 4.     If I had seen him I would punished him.      (hw` Avwg Zv‡K †`LZvg, Avwg Zv‡K kvw¯Í w`‡Z cviZvg|) 5.     If I had found you I would  have told my problems. (Avwg hw` †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z cviZvg Avwg †Zvgvi mgm¨vi mgvavb K‡i w`‡Z cviZvg|)

1. Had I been a rich, I would have helped the poor.     (Avwg hw` abx nZvg Avwg Mixe‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cviZvg|) 3.     Had I seen him I would have not gone away.       (hw` Avwg Zv‡K †`L‡Z cviZvg, Avwg †h‡Z cviZvg|)

In case/Provided (that)/providing (that)/if (hw`) In case/Provided (that)/providing (that)/if (hw`) Gi wVK c‡ii clause wU kZ© cÖKvk K‡i Ges Ab¨                                                                                 clause wU djvdj cÖKvk K‡i|

1.     He can lend you the money provided you will help him.        (‡m †Zvgv‡K UvKv avi w`‡Z cv‡i GKk‡Z© †h Zzwg Zv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|) 2.     He will shine in life provided that he works hard.       (‡m Rxe‡b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡e GK k‡Z© †m K‡Vvi cwikªg Ki‡e|)

Because/As/Since+ KviY wewkó evK¨vsk ,+dj wewkó¨ evK¨vsk

1.  As she was ill, she could not attend the meeting.      (‡h‡nZz †m Amy¯’ wQj, †m Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|) 2.  As he was tired, he could not go to school.(‡h‡nZz †m K¬všÍ wQj, †m  ¯‹z‡j †h‡Z cvij bv|) 3.  As it was raining, I could not go out.(‡h‡nZz e„wó nB‡ZwQj, Avwg evB‡i hvBwb|) 4. Crops did not grow well as it did not rain in time.      (dmj fvj nBwb †h‡nZz fvj e„wócvZ nqwb|) 6.     He always fails in the examination because he is not attentive to study. (‡m memgq cix¶vq †dj K‡i KviY †m covïbvq g‡bv‡hvMx bq|) 7.     Rahim could not walk fast because he was ill.(iwng `ª“Z nvUuj bv KviY †m wQj Amy¯’|) 8.     Since the boy broke discipline, he was punished.      (‡h‡nZz evjKwU k„•Ljv f½ K‡iwQj,Zv‡K kvw¯Í †`Iqv n‡qwQj|) 9.     Since they played well, they won the match.(‡h‡nZz Zviv fvj †L‡jwQj,Zviv g¨v‡P wR‡ZwQj|) 10. Since the weather was very cold, I could not go out.      (‡h‡nZz AvenvIqv Lye VvÛv wQj,Avwg evB‡i hvBwb|)

Lest (b‡PZ, bZzev, cv‡Q, Ab¨_vq) cv‡Q fq nq †h..Õ Giƒc A_© cÖKvk K‡i|KZ©v Zvi D‡Ï‡k¨ mdj Ki‡Z LyeB         Zrci Ges wKQyUv kswKZ †h †m Zvi Kv‡R mdj nj wKbv| Lest Gi c~‡e©i e³‡e¨i KviYwU clause AvKv‡i wjL‡Z nq| cÖ_g clause Gi subject I wØZxq clause Gi         subject GKB _v‡K| lest Gi c‡ii clause wUi MVb n‡et-         KviYm~PK evK¨ +lest+ subject+ should/might+ V(present form)+ other words                                       Subject +verb +lest+subject+should/might+verbGi base form (Present form)+evwK Ask                                       Lest Wv‡b KLbI bv‡evaK (Negative)  kã e‡m bv

1.     Walk fast lest you should miss the train.(`ªyZ nvUu bZzev †UªbwU †dj Ki‡e|) 2.     Avoid mistakes lest you should get poor good marks.      (fyj Gwo‡q Pj bZzev cix¶vq Zzwg Kg b¤^i cv‡e|) 3.     Read attentively lest you should fail in the exam.      (g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ †jLvcov Ki bZzev cix¶vq †dj Ki‡e|) 4.     The old man walks slowly lest he should fall.     (e„ׇjvKwU Lye ax‡i ax‡i nv‡Uu bZzev †m c‡i †h‡Z cv‡i|) 5.     They ran hurriedly lest they should miss the train.      (Zviv ‡`Šovw”Qj bZzev Zviv †UªbwU †dj Ki‡Z cv‡i|) 6.     Go to the bank with the cheque lest you should fail to cash your cheque.        (‡PKwU wb‡q e¨vs‡K hvI bZzev †P‡K UvKv †c‡Z e¨_© n‡e|) 7.     He walked fast lest he should miss the train.      (†m `ªyZ nvUwuQj bZzev Zviv †UªbwU †dj Ki‡Z cv‡i|) 8.     He walks slowly lest he should stumble. (‡m ax‡i nvUwQj bZzev Zv‡K †nvPUu †L‡Z n‡e|) 9.     Read diligently lest you should fail. (g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co cv‡Q †dj Ki‡e|)

Where+ clause (†hLv‡b)

I know where he goes.(Avwg Rvwb †m †Kv_vq hvB|)                                   You may go where you wish.(Zzwg †h‡Z cvi †hLv‡b †Zvgvi B”Qv|) Where there is a will there is a way.(hZ¶Y Avk ZZ¶Y k¦vm|)             This is the village where I was born.(GB nq MÖvg †hLv‡b Avwg Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwQjvg|)

Since(ZLb †_‡K/Zvici †_‡K †Kvb mgq †_‡K/†_‡K) (1g ev‡K¨)present Indefinite Tense/Present Perfect Tense +Since (wØZxq ev‡K¨) Past               Indefinite Tense Or,   (1g ev‡K¨)Past Indefinite Tense /+Since (wØZxq ev‡K¨)Past Perfect Tense

1.     It is long time since I saw you last.       (A‡bK w`b AwZµvšÍ nj Avwg †Zvgv‡K ‡kl †`‡LwQjvg|) 2.     It was many years since we  meet last.      (A‡bK w`b AwZµvšÍ n‡qwQj Avgiv cÖ_g †`Lv K‡iwQjvg|) 3.     It is many years since I saw him.(A‡bK w`b AwZµvšÍ n‡q‡Q Avwg Zv‡K †`‡LwQjvg|) 4.     Five years have passed since he left the country.       (cvPu ermi AwZµvšÍ n‡q‡Q Avwg †`k Z¨vM K‡iwQjvg|) 5.     It is long since I saw you last.(A‡bK w`b AwZµvšÍ nj Avwg †Zvgv‡K ‡kl †`‡LwQjvg|)

Subject(Noun/Pronoun)+is/are/was/were+the+(noun)+that/who/which +evK¨vsk

1.     It is you who are to blame. (GB nq Zywg †h Gi Rb¨ `vqx |) 2.     It is I who am  to blame .(GB nB Avwg †h †Zvgvi wk¶K) 3.     It is I am to blame.(GB nB Avwg †h Gi Rb¨ `vqx |) 4.     Sadnan is one of the students who got prize.       (mv`bvb A‡bKRb Qv‡Îi g‡a¨ GKRb †h cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQj|)

Subject+ be verb(is, are, was, were) +the place +where+ evK¨vsk

1.     Danger comes where night falls.(‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡b ivZ nq |) 2.     I know where he lives .(Avwg hvwb Zviv ‡Kv_vq _v‡K |)

Subject+ be verb +the time/month/year +when+ evK¨vsk

1.     Saturday is the day when I go for a week tour.       (kwbevi GKwU w`b hLb Avwg mvßvwnKfv‡e Nyi‡Z hvB |) 2.     1971 is the year when we got our independence.       (1971 mv‡j Avgiv Avgv‡`i ¯^vwabZv AR©b Kwi |) 3.     10 am is the time when we go to school.       (mKvj 10Uv nq Ggb GKwU mgq hLb Avgiv ¯‹z‡j hvB|) 4.     10 pm is the time when we  eat .(ivZ 10Uv Ggb GKwU mgq hLb Avgiv weQvbvq hvB |) 5.     Do you know when the last train will arrive?(Zzwg wK hvb †k‡li †UªbwU Avm‡e |)

When +present Tense+ Future Tense   Or Future Tense+ When+ present      When+ Past Tense,+ Past Tense Or, When +Present Tense,+ Present Tense  Or  Present Tense+ When +Present Tense

1.     When he arrived here he was accorded a warm reception. (hLb ‡m GLv‡b G‡mwQj Zv‡K Dò Af¨©_bv Rvbv‡bv n‡qwQj|) 2.     When I entered the classroom, I found him absent. (hLb Avwg †kªYxK‡¶ cÖ‡ek K‡iwQjvg,Avwg Zv‡K Abycw¯’Z †`‡LwQjvg|)

As if/As though (†hb))       Õ‡hbÕ Gi e¨envi Bs‡iRx‡Z A‡bKUv Aev¯Íe kZ©g~jK (unreal conditional sentence) gZ| as if/as         though Gi ×viv Ggb Ae¯’v †evSv‡bv n‡q _v‡K hv cÖK…Z  Ae¯’v bq| Present tense Gi †¶‡Ît- Subject+ verb (present indefinite)+ as if/as though+ sub+ verb(past indefinite)+ +evwK Ask             He talks as if/as though he won the first prize           (‡mGgbfv‡e K_v e‡j †hb †m cÖ_g cyi¯‹viwU †c‡qwQj|) Past Tense  Gi †¶‡‡Î t- Subject+ verb(past)+ as if/as though+ subject+ verb(past participle form)+ +evwK Ask           He talked as though he had won the first prize.         (‡mGgbfv‡e K_v e‡jwQj †hb †m cÖ_g cyi¯‹viwU †c‡qwQj|)

1.     He speaks as if he knew everything.(‡m Ggb fv‡e K_v e‡j †hb †m mewKQy hv‡b |) 2.     Shima tells the matter as if she knew everything.        (wmgv welqwU Ggb fv‡e e‡j †hb †m me Rv‡b |) 3.     He pretends as if he were a mad .(†m Ggb fvb Kij †h †m cvMj |)

No sooner had-------than  (n‡ZB/n‡Z bv n‡ZB)t wbqgt No sooner +had+ subject+ verb Gi  Past participle+ object +than +subject         +verb Gi  Past form +evwK Ask

1. No sooner had I reached the station, than the train left.       (Avwg †÷l‡b †cŠQ‡Z bv †cŠQv‡Z †UªbwU †Q‡i w`j |) 2. No sooner had he reached the school, than the bell rang.      (Avwg ¯‹z‡j †cŠQv‡Z bv †cŠQv‡Z †ej w`‡q w`j |) 3. No sooner had the police came, than the thief ran away.     (cywjk Avm‡Z bv Avm‡Z †Pvi cvwj‡q †Mj |) 4. No sooner had the doctor gone, than the patient died.      (Wv³vi Avm‡Z bv Avm‡Z †ivMx g‡i †Mj |)

Hardly  had-----when/before  (n‡ZB/n‡Z bv n‡ZB)t wbqgt Hardly +had+ subject+ verb Gi  Past participle+ object +when/before +subject+          verbGi  Past form +evwK Ask

1. Hardly had I reached the station, when the train started.     (Avwg †÷l‡b †cŠQv‡Z bv †cŠQv‡Z †UªbwU P‡j †Mj|)

Scarcely   had-----when/before  (n‡ZB/n‡Z bv n‡ZB)t wbqgt  scarcely +had+ subject+ verb Gi  Past participle+ object +when/before          +subject+ verbGi  Past form+

1.     Scarcely had he reached the station, when the train left.      (‡m †÷l‡b †cŠQv‡Z bv †cŠQv‡Z †UªbwU P‡j †Mj|) 2.     Scarcely had the assembly begun, when the speaker entered.      (mgv‡ek ïi“ bv n‡ZB e³v cÖ‡ek K‡iwQj|) 3.     Scarcely had I reached the station, when the train left.     (Avwg †÷l‡b †cŠQv‡Z bv †cŠQv‡Z †UªbwU P‡j †Mj|)

Unless (hw` bv, Zv bv n‡j, bv Ki‡j)         †Kvb GKwU KvR bv Ki‡j, bv n‡j AciwU NU‡Z cv‡i Ggb A_© cÖKv‡ki Rb¨        Unless+ clause nq| Unless Gi c‡ii clause wU present tense n‡j Aci clause G subject                 Gi ci will/can e‡m| wKš‘ past tense n‡j would/ could e‡m|        unless hy³ clause wU KL‡bv Negative nq bv| Dfq clause B GKB tense Gi nq|        A_©vr Unless+ nu¨v †evaK evK¨vsk,/ bv †evaK e¨vKvsk

wbqgt  bv †evaK evK¨vsk + unless +nu¨v‡evaK evK¨vsk| 1.     You can not shine in life unless you work hard.       (Zzwg Rxe‡b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶b bv Zzwg K‡Vvi cwikªg bv Ki|) 2.     We can not keep our body fit unless we take a balanced diet. (Avgiv Avgv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ mwVK ivL‡Z cvwi bv hZ¶Y bv Avgiv mylg Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i _vwK|) 3.     You will not pass in the examination, unless you study hard.       (Zzwg cix¶vq cvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶Y bv Zzwg covïbvq cwikªg bv Ki‡Q) 4.     He could not obtain a good result, unless he studies hard. (‡m cix¶vq fvj djvdj jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶Y bv †m covïbvq cwikªg bv Ki‡Q|) wbqgt Unless+ nu¨v †evaK evK¨vsk,/ bv †evaK e¨vKvsk 1.     Unless you hurry up, you will miss the train. (hw` bv Zzwg ZvovZvwo bv Ki,Zzwg †UªbwU †dj Ki‡e|) 2.     Unless you study attentively, you will fail in the examination.  (hw` bv Zzwg g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ covïbv bv Ki, Zzwg cix¶vq †dj Ki‡e|) 3.     Unless you work hard, you will not  shine in life,       (hw` bv Zzwg K‡Vvi cwikªg bv Ki,Zzwg Rxe‡b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|) 4.     Unless you study hard, you will not pass in the examination.       (hw` bv Zzwg covïbvq cwikªg bv Ki,Zzwg cix¶vq cvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|) 5.     Unless you work hard, you cannot prosper in life.        (hw` bv Zzwg K‡Vvi cwikªg bv Ki,Zzwg Rxe‡b mg„w× jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|) 6.     Unless you read attentively, you will fail in the examination. (hw` bv Zzwg g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ covïbv bv Ki, Zzwg cix¶vq †dj Ki‡e|)

Till ch©šÍ):  /Until (hZ¶b ch©šÍ bv,)       †Kvb GKwU NUbv ch©šÍ ev †h ch©šÍ bv eySv‡Z till ev until mgq wb‡`©kK  NUbv D‡j­L Kiv nq `ywU clause B       GKB  tense Gi nq|Till Gi c‡ii evK¨vsk negative (bv-†evaK) ev affirmative (nuv-†evaK) ev‡K¨i       †h †KvbwU n‡Z cv‡i|

1. You will be writing it till the bell rings.(Zzwg GUv wjL‡Z _vK‡e hZ¶b ch©šÍ N›Uv bv ev‡R|) 2. We waited there till the rain stopped.(Avgiv †mLv‡b A‡c¶v K‡iwQjvg hZ¶Y ch©šÍ e„wó bv _v‡g|) 3. I shall nurse my mother till she comes round.     (Avwg Avgvi gv‡K †mev Kie hZ¶b ch©šÍ †m Av‡ivM¨ jvf K‡i|) 4. We waited there till the rain did not stop.    (Avgiv †mLv‡b A‡c¶v K‡iwQjvg hZ¶Y ch©šÍ e„wó bv _v‡g|) 5. Wait here till I come back. (GLv‡b A‡c¶v Ki hZ¶b bv ch©šÍ Avwg wd‡i Avwm|)

Until kãwU negative A_© cÖKvk K‡i|ZvB until ×viv †h clause ïi nq †m clause ‡h no ev not e‡m bv| 1. They will not go out until the rain stops.(e„wó bv _vgv ch©šÍ Zviv evB‡i hv‡e bv|) 2. He will be waiting for me until I come back.     (‡m Avgvi R‡b¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _vK‡e hZ¶b ch©šÍ bv Avwg bv wd‡i Avwm|) 3. Work hard until success comes.(K‡Vvi cwikªg Ki hZ¶Y ch©šÍ bv mvdj¨ Av‡m|) 4. We walked until we became tired.(Avgiv †n‡UuwQjvg hZ¶b ch©šÍ Avgiv K¬všÍ n‡qwQjvg|) 5. We shall stay in this room until the rain stops.(Avgiv GB i“‡g _vKe hZ¶Y bv e„wó _v‡g|) 6. Wait here until he comes.(‡m bv Avmv ch©šÍ GLv‡b A‡c¶v Ki|)

Though/Although/Even though (hw`I— --ZeyI/hw`I/n‡jI) w`‡q `ywU ci¯úi we‡ivax fv‡ei Zzjbv ¯’vcb K‡i| †Kvb Ae¯’v ev NUbvi wecixZg~Lx †evSv‡Z e¨eüZ nq,  wbqgt Though/Although/Even though+ 1wU evK¨vsk +wecixZgyLx 1wU evK¨vsk(wecixZag©x)

1.     Though he is poor, he is honest.(hw`I †m Mixe †m mr|) 2.     Though he is rich, he is dishonest.(hw`I †m abx  †m Amr|) 3.     Though Bangladesh has limited natural resources she has a vast population.       (hw`I evsjv‡`‡k cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` mxwgZ ZeyI Gi wecyj RbmsL¨v i‡q‡Q|) 4.     Though the boy is intelligent he is lazy.(hw`I †m eyw×gvb †m Ajm|)

He went out although it was raining heavily.(‡m evB‡i †ei n‡jv hw`I cÖPzi e„wócvZ nB‡ZwQj|)

As soon as(†h‡Z bv †h‡ZB; Ki‡Z bv Ki‡ZB;NU‡Z bv NU‡ZB) GKwU KvR n‡Z bv n‡ZB Avi GKwU KvR ïiy n‡j A_ev GKwU KvR ïiy nIqv gvGB Avi GKwU KvR m¤úbœ n‡j Avgiv As soon as e¨envi Kwi|As soon as+ past indefinite tense+ past indefinite tense.

As soon as we saw him, he ran away in fear.                      (Avgiv †hBgvÎ Zv‡K †`‡LwQjvg,†m f‡q cvwj‡q †Mj|)

Had+ subject+ verb(past participle)+complement+ modifier,+ subject+ would have/could have/might have+ verb(past participle)+ complement+ modifier.

1. Had I had the time, I would have gone to market yesterday.     (Avgvi hw` mgq _vKZ,Avwg MZKvj gv‡K©‡U †h‡Z cviZvg|) 2. Had he been here yesterday, I would have told you.      (‡m hw` MZKvj GLv‡b _vKZ,Avwg †Zvgv‡K ej‡Z cviZvg|)

Wish: Aev¯Íe kZ©g~jK ev‡K¨i (unreal conditional sentence)Gi gZ e¨eüZ nh G‡ÿ‡Î Ggb Ae¯’v            cÖKvk K‡i ev ev¯Íe m¤§Z bq|

Future wish: Subject+ wish+ that+ subject+ would/ could+ were                         She wishes that she could buy a new house next month.                         (‡m Avkv K‡i †h †m bZzb evwo µq Ki‡e|)            I wish that I would attend the party tomorrow.            (Avwg Avkv Kwi †h AvMvgxKvj Avwg cvwU‡Z AskMÖnY Kie|) Present wish: Subject+ wish+ that+ subject+ verb(past indefinite)                         He wishes that she had a car.(‡m Avkv K‡i †h Zvi GKwU Mvox _vKZ|) Past wish: Subject+ wish+ that+ subject+ verb(past perfect)                    He wishes that she had bought a new house last month.                      (‡m Avkv K‡i †h †m MZgv‡m GKwU evwo wKb‡Z cviZ|)

What [hv---Zv]: welhe¯Í/e¯Í

1.     What he has told is not true.(‡m hv e‡j‡Q Zv mZ¨ bq|) 2.     Do you believe what he said yesterday?(Zzwg wK wek¦vm Ki †m MZKvj hv e‡jwQj|)

Who (‡h--†m/whwb/ wZwb/hviv---Zviv) :e¨w³ †evSv‡Z e¨eüZ nq| Singular I plural Dfq  number G          e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i|

1. A patriot is he who loves his country.(GKRb †`k‡cÖwgK n‡”Q †m †h Zvi †`k‡K fvjev‡m|) 3. It is he who has broken the glass.(GB nq †m †h M­vmwU †f‡½‡Q|) 4. It is I who am your teacher.(GB nq Avwg †h †Zvgvi wk¶K|) 5. Sadnan is one of the students who got prizes.(mv`bvb nq GKRb QvÎ †m cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQj|) 6. The man who loves his country is a patriot.(‡h †jvK †`k‡K fvjev‡m †m †`k‡cÖwgK|)

What [hv---Zv]: welhe¯Í/e¯Í

1. What you say is not true. 2. Do you believe what he said yesterday?

Incase [hw`,(†Kv‡bv wKQz) NU‡j/n‡j]

A.   Principal clause+ incase+ subordinate clause            He carries an umbrella incase it rains.            (‡m GKwU QvZv enb K‡i hw` e„wó nq|) B.   Incase+ subordinate clause,+ Principal clause.            Incase he come, I waited at the station.            (hw` Ggb nq †m Av‡m,Avwg ‡÷k‡b A‡c¶v K‡iwQjvg|) C.    Present tense+ incase+ present.            Call me in case you face any problem.             (Zzwg Avgv‡K ‡WK hw` Ggb nq †h Zzwg wec‡` c‡o‡Qv|) D.   Future tense+ incase+ present              He will carry an umbrella incase it rains(‡m GKwU QvZv enb Ki‡e hw` e„wó nq|) E.   Incase+ past tense,+ past tense             Incase he came, I waited at the station.            (hw` Ggb nq †m G‡mwQj,Avwg ‡÷k‡b A‡c¶v K‡iwQjvg|)

Whatever+ clause (hvB †nvK bv †Kb A‡_©)/hv-B

Whatever he says is false/is true. (‡m hv e‡j Zv wg_¨v/mZ¨|)        We can’t do whatever we like.(Avgiv Ki‡Z cvwi bv hv Avgiv cQ›` Kwi|) Children want whatever they play with.(‡Q‡j‡g‡qiv PvB hv Zviv †Lj‡Z cQ›` K‡i|) A son likes whatever his mother gives to him.(GK Rb mšÍvb cQ›` K‡i hv Zvi gv Zv‡K †`q|)

How (†hfv‡e, wKfv‡e)  c×wZ, aib,cÖwµqv †evSv‡Z Giƒc How e¨envi Kiv nq)

I do not know how he did the work.(Avwg Rvwb bv wKfv‡e †m KvRwU K‡iwQj|) This is the method how I solved the problem.(GB nq c×wZ †h fv‡e Avwg mgvavb K‡iwQjvg|)

Why (‡Kb, KxR‡b¨, Kx Kvi‡b) KviY †evSv‡Z why e¨envi Kiv nq|

We do not know the reason why he comes here. (Avwg Rvwb bv KviYwU †Kb †m GLv‡b Av‡m|)  Do you know why he often comes here?(Zzwg wK Rvb †Kb †m cÖvqB Av‡m|)

Wherever (†hLv‡bB †nvK bv †Kb BZ¨vw` A‡_©)

I’ll go wherever I like.(Avwg hve †hLv‡b Avwg cQ›` Kwi|) He can go wherever he wants to.(‡m †h‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b †m †h‡Z PvB|) She will prosper wherever she moves.(‡m mg„w× jvf Ki‡e †hLv‡bB †m hv‡e|)

cÖev` evK¨t

1.     All that glitters is not gold.(hv wKQy PKPK K‡i Zv †mvbv bq|) 2.     A man is known by the company he keeps.(m½ †`‡L gvbyl †Pbv hvq|) 3.     A man who is drowning catches at a straw WyešÍ gvbyl LoKz‡Uv I a‡i AvuK‡o a‡i|) 4.     Danger comes where danger is feared.(‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡b ivZ nq|) 5.     Danger often comes where it is feared. (‡hLv‡b ev‡Ni fq †mLv‡b ivZ nq|) 6.     Strike the iron while it is hot.(KvPvuq bv †bvqv‡j evku,cvK‡j K‡i Vvm Vvm|) 7.     When danger is gone,God is forgotten.(wec` †cwi‡q †M‡j Avgiv Avj­vn‡K fy‡j hvB|) 8.     While there is life,there is hope.(hZ¶Y k¦vm ZZ¶Y Avk|) 9.     Allah will bless us so long as our purpose is honest.       (hZ¶Y Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ mr ZZ¶Y Avj­vn Avgv‡`i g½j Ki‡eb|) 10. Man Proposes but God disposes.(gvbyl fv‡e GK ,nq Ab¨|) 11. Make hay while the sun shines.(‡Svc ey‡S †Kvc gv‡iv|) 12. What is done cannot be undone.(K…ZKv‡h©i dj Awbevh©) 13. What is lotted can not be blotted.(fv‡M¨ hv Av‡Q Zv †KD LÛv‡Z cv‡i bv|) 14. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.(ivRvi gyKzU g¯ÍK me©`v `ywðšÍvMÖ¯Í _v‡K|) 15. Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains.      (gvbyl Rb¥m~‡Î ¯^vaxb wKš‘ me©ÎB †m k„•LwjZ|) 16. Grasp all lose all.(AwZ †jv‡f ZuvwZ bó|) 17. United we stand, divided we fall. (GKZvB ej,wew”QbœZvq cZb|) 18. God loves those who speak the truth.(hviv mZ¨ K_v e‡jb,Avj­vn Zv‡`i fvjev‡mb|) 19. Handsome is he who has a handsome deed.      (gvby‡li Avmj †mŠ›`h© Zvi †Pnvivq bq, Kv‡R|) 20. There is no rose but has a thorn. (`ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gwn‡Z?) 21. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.(nvwZ †Nvov †Mj,gkv e‡j KZ Rj|)